ATI Nursing Care of Children 2019 B

ATI Nursing Care of Children 2019 B Related

Review ATI Nursing Care of Children 2019 B related questions and content

An infant is born with a gastroschisis. Care preoperatively should include which priority intervention?

  • A. Prone position
  • B. Sterile water feedings
  • C. Monitoring serum laboratory electrolytes
  • D. Covering the defect with a sterile bowel bag
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct priority intervention for an infant with gastroschisis is to cover the exposed abdominal contents with a sterile bowel bag. This action helps protect the intestines from injury, contamination, and dehydration before surgical repair. Choice A, placing the infant in the prone position, is not appropriate as it does not address the immediate need to protect the exposed intestines. Choice B, sterile water feedings, and Choice C, monitoring serum laboratory electrolytes, are not the priority interventions for this condition. Sterile water feedings may not provide the necessary protection for the exposed intestines, and monitoring electrolytes, while important, is secondary to the immediate need for protection and hydration of the exposed abdominal contents.

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A child has been diagnosed with a Wilms tumor. What should preoperative nursing care include?

  • A. Careful bathing and handling
  • B. Monitoring of behavioral status
  • C. Maintenance of strict isolation
  • D. Administration of packed red blood cells
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Careful bathing and handling. Preoperative care for a child with a Wilms tumor should focus on preventing any trauma to the abdomen, which could lead to tumor rupture. Monitoring behavioral status and maintaining strict isolation are not as critical in this situation. Behavioral status is important but not a priority in preoperative care for a Wilms tumor. Strict isolation is not necessary unless there are specific infectious concerns, which is not typically the case for a Wilms tumor. Administration of packed red blood cells is not a standard preoperative intervention for Wilms tumor.

What is the primary symptom of congenital diaphragmatic hernia in a newborn?

  • A. Cyanosis
  • B. Bradycardia
  • C. Absent breath sounds
  • D. Tachypnea
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Absent breath sounds on the affected side are a primary symptom of congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Cyanosis, bradycardia, and tachypnea may also be present but are not the primary symptom. Cyanosis is a bluish discoloration of the skin due to poor oxygenation, bradycardia is a slower than normal heart rate, and tachypnea is rapid breathing.

Which immunization is typically administered at birth?

  • A. Hepatitis B
  • B. DTaP
  • C. MMR
  • D. Varicella
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, Hepatitis B. The Hepatitis B vaccine is usually given at birth to protect against hepatitis B, a virus that can lead to chronic liver disease and liver cancer. This vaccination is crucial for newborns, especially those born to mothers who are carriers of hepatitis B. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because DTaP (B), MMR (C), and Varicella (D) vaccines are not typically administered at birth. DTaP is given in a series starting at 2 months, MMR is usually given around 12-15 months, and Varicella is given between 12-15 months of age.

What intervention is contraindicated in a suspected case of appendicitis?

  • A. Enemas
  • B. Palpating the abdomen
  • C. Administration of antibiotics
  • D. Administration of antipyretics for fever
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Enemas are contraindicated in cases of suspected appendicitis because they can increase the risk of perforation. The pressure from the enema can exacerbate inflammation and potentially lead to the rupture of the appendix. Palpating the abdomen gently is essential for diagnosing appendicitis, as it helps identify the characteristic signs like rebound tenderness. Antibiotics are commonly used to treat the infection associated with appendicitis, and antipyretics are administered to manage fever, which is a common symptom of the condition. Therefore, enemas are the intervention to avoid in suspected appendicitis cases.

What is the most effective way to prevent sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)?

  • A. Use a firm mattress
  • B. Place the baby on their back to sleep
  • C. Keep the room warm
  • D. Breastfeed exclusively
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is to place the baby on their back to sleep. This position is the most effective way to prevent sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) according to research and recommendations from healthcare providers. Choice A, using a firm mattress, is important for infant safety but not as directly related to preventing SIDS. Keeping the room warm, as mentioned in choice C, is not recommended as it may increase the risk of SIDS. While breastfeeding has many benefits, choice D, breastfeeding exclusively is not the most effective method for preventing SIDS.

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