Nokea
An infant who has been in foster care since birth requires a blood transfusion. Who is authorized to give written, informed consent for the procedure?
- A. The foster mother
- B. The social worker who placed the infant in the foster home
- C. The registered nurse caring for the infant
- D. The nurse-manager
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The foster mother, as the primary caregiver, is typically authorized to provide consent for medical procedures.
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Concerning insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in children:
- A. Microangiopathic changes are rare before puberty
- B. Isophane is shorter acting than soluble insulin
- C. Lipohypertrophy is more common than lipo-atrophy
- D. Fructosamine can be used to monitor glucose control
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Microangiopathic changes are indeed rare before puberty in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Isophane is not shorter acting than soluble insulin, and fructosamine is used to monitor glucose control.
Indications for surgical closure of a VSD include the following EXCEPT
- A. patients who cannot thrive
- B. patients whose symptoms cannot be controlled between 6 and 24 months
- C. patients with pulmonary vascular disease
- D. patients older than 2 years with a large VSD associated with a Qs ratio greater than 2:1
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Surgical closure is not routinely indicated for all VSDs, especially if asymptomatic.
During preoperative teaching for a male client scheduled for repair of an inguinal hernia, the client tells the nurse that he has had several surgeries and understands the need to perform coughing and deep breathing exercises after surgery. How should the nurse respond?
- A. Ask for a demonstration of these exercises
- B. Explain that coughing should be avoided
- C. Review the client’s previous surgical history
- D. Document the client's understanding of teaching
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Asking for a demonstration ensures that the client understands the proper technique for coughing and deep breathing exercises.
A nurse is caring for a child with Down syndrome. Which statement by the parent indicates the need for further teaching?
- A. I will make sure my child has regular hearing screenings.
- B. I will encourage my child to be active and participate in play.
- C. I should monitor my child's thyroid function regularly.
- D. I should avoid giving my child a multivitamin supplement.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Children with Down syndrome may benefit from a multivitamin supplement, especially if they are at risk for nutritional deficiencies.
What are THREE classes of medication used to treat giant coronary artery aneurysms in Kawasaki Disease?
- A. ACE inhibitor
- B. Beta blocker
- C. Statin
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: These medications are typically used in the management of giant coronary artery aneurysms to manage cardiovascular risks.