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An infertile woman has been diagnosed with endometriosis. She asks the nurse why that diagnosis has made her infertile. Which of the following explanations is appropriate for the nurse to make?
- A. Scarring surrounds the ends of your tubes
- B. preventing your eggs from being fertilized by your partner's sperm.
- C. You are producing insufficient quantities of follicle-stimulating hormone that is needed to mature an egg every month.
- D. Inside your uterus is a benign tumor that makes it impossible for the fertilized egg to implant.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Endometriosis can cause scarring and blockage of the fallopian tubes, preventing fertilization.
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The genetic counselor informs a couple that they have a 25% probability of getting pregnant with a child with a severe genetic disease. The couple asks the nurse exactly what that means. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?
- A. Their first child will have the genetic disease.
- B. If they have four children
- C. one of the children will have the disease.
- D. Their fourth child will have the genetic disease.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A 25% probability applies independently to each pregnancy.
What is the purpose of endometrial biopsy in fertility evaluations?
- A. To determine ovarian reserve and egg quality.
- B. To assess the receptivity of the uterine lining for implantation.
- C. To measure hormone levels in the bloodstream.
- D. To monitor embryo development after IVF.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: To assess the receptivity of the uterine lining for implantation. Endometrial biopsy is performed to evaluate the quality of the uterine lining and its ability to support embryo implantation. By examining the endometrial tissue, doctors can assess factors such as thickness, pattern, and receptivity, crucial for successful implantation and pregnancy.
Incorrect choices:
A: To determine ovarian reserve and egg quality - Endometrial biopsy does not provide information on ovarian reserve or egg quality.
C: To measure hormone levels in the bloodstream - Endometrial biopsy does not measure hormone levels in the bloodstream; instead, it focuses on the uterine lining.
D: To monitor embryo development after IVF - Endometrial biopsy is not used to monitor embryo development; it is primarily for assessing uterine receptivity.
A 25-year-old woman, G0 P0000, enters the infertility clinic stating that she has just learned she is positive for the BRCA1 and the BRCA2 genes. She asks the nurse what her options are for getting pregnant and breastfeeding her baby. The nurse should base her reply on which of the following?
- A. Fertility of women who carry the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes is similar to that of unaffected women.
- B. Women with these genes should be advised not to have children because the children could inherit the defective genes.
- C. Women with these genes should have their ovaries removed as soon as possible to prevent ovarian cancer.
- D. Lactation is contraindicated for women who carry the BRCA1 and BRCA 2 genes.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: BRCA1/2 status does not directly affect fertility or breastfeeding.
A couple that has been attempting to become pregnant for 5 years is seeking assistance from an infertility clinic. The nurse assesses the clients' emotional responses to their infertility. Which of the following responses would the nurse expect to find? Select all that apply.
- A. Anger at others who have babies.
- B. Feelings of failure because they can't make a baby.
- C. Sexual excitement because they want so desperately to conceive a baby.
- D. Sadness because of the perceived loss of being a parent.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Common emotional responses to infertility include anger, feelings of failure, and sadness.
At ovulation, the basal body temperature usually:
- A. Rises abruptly and then falls 1 or 2 days after menstruation starts.
- B. Falls and remains low for the last half of the cycle.
- C. Is higher during the first half of the cycle than in the last half.
- D. Falls just before ovulation and is higher during the last half.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Basal body temperature usually rises abruptly at ovulation and then falls 1 or 2 days after menstruation starts. This rise indicates the release of an egg and the shift from the follicular phase to the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle.