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An instructor is preparing a class for a group of students about professional organizations and the leadership provided. Which of the following would the instructor include as an important function of the International Society of Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurses?
- A. Advocating for mental health nursing practice through liaison activities
- B. Advancing psychiatric-mental health nursing practice
- C. Improving mental health care for culturally diverse individuals
- D. Providing a strong voice for psychiatric-mental health nurses
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The International Society of Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurses (ISPN) focuses on advancing psychiatric-mental health nursing practice through education, research, and professional development. While advocacy, improving care for diverse populations, and providing a voice are important, advancing practice is the core function.
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The plan of care for a patient with schizophrenia identifies the following outcomes. Which of the following would the nurse identify as addressing the biologic domain? Select all that apply.
- A. Improving problem-solving skills
- B. Promoting economic stability
- C. Minimizing adverse effects of drug therapy
- D. Improving nutritional status
- E. Providing family education
Correct Answer: C,D
Rationale: The biologic domain focuses on physical health and bodily functions. Minimizing adverse effects of drug therapy (C) addresses medication-related physical outcomes, and improving nutritional status (D) focuses on physical health through diet. Improving problem-solving skills is psychological, promoting economic stability is social, and providing family education is social.
A 22-year-old patient with schizophrenia is refusing his antipsychotic medication. He states, 'I don?t like the dopey way it makes me feel. I feel like I?m walking under water when I take it.' The nurse explains to him, 'Your schizophrenia is caused by a chemical imbalance in your brain, and this medication helps fix that chemical imbalance. You need to take it so your symptoms will get better.' This conversation reflects a conflict between which two types of ethical principles?
- A. Autonomy and justice
- B. Paternalism and veracity
- C. Justice and nonmaleficence
- D. Autonomy and beneficence
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The patient?s refusal of medication reflects autonomy (self-determination), while the nurse?s insistence on medication to improve symptoms reflects beneficence (acting for the patient?s benefit). This creates an ethical conflict, as the nurse?s approach prioritizes the patient?s well-being over their right to choose. The other options do not accurately capture this dynamic: justice involves fairness, paternalism involves overriding autonomy, veracity involves truthfulness, and nonmaleficence involves avoiding harm.
A group of nursing students are reviewing the standards of professional performance. The students demonstrate understanding when they identify which as a standard of professional performance?
- A. Prescriptive authority
- B. Consultation
- C. Planning
- D. Collegiality
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Collegiality, which involves collaborating and maintaining respectful relationships with colleagues, is a recognized standard of professional performance in nursing. Prescriptive authority is specific to advanced practice, consultation is a function rather than a performance standard, and planning is part of the nursing process, not a performance standard.
In a postclinical conference, a group of students are engaged in a discussion with their instructor. The instructor repeatedly has the students analyze and evaluate the nursing interventions implemented throughout the clinical experience. The students are engaged in which of the following?
- A. Therapeutic use of self
- B. Critical thinking
- C. Interdisciplinary care
- D. Planning care
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Critical thinking involves analyzing and evaluating information to make reasoned judgments. The instructor?s focus on having students analyze and evaluate nursing interventions aligns with this process, as it encourages reflective and evidence-based reasoning. Therapeutic use of self involves personal engagement with patients, interdisciplinary care involves collaboration with other professionals, and planning care is a specific phase of the nursing process, none of which fit as well.
When applying the biopsychosocial model for a patient with a mental health problem, the nurse addresses the psychological domain when assessing which of the following?
- A. Sleep patterns
- B. Feelings
- C. Family functioning
- D. Cultural groups
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The psychological domain of the biopsychosocial model focuses on emotions, thoughts, and mental states. Assessing feelings directly addresses this domain. Sleep patterns are primarily biological, while family functioning and cultural groups relate to the social domain.