Nokea
An IP has been asked to provide infection prevention consultation to a long-term care facility. As a part of this consultation, she checks to make sure which of the following program components are in place?
- A. Decolonizing residents with MRSA
- B. Establishing an antimicrobial stewardship program
- C. Implementing an annual influenza vaccination program
- D. Collecting environmental cultures of high-touch areas
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Antimicrobial stewardship and flu vaccination are key infection prevention components in long-term care.
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When caring for a client with a burn injury, which intervention is most important to prevent infection?
- A. Administer antibiotics
- B. Cleanse the wound with sterile saline
- C. Apply topical antimicrobials
- D. Use sterile gloves
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Applying topical antimicrobials directly to the burn wound prevents infection by inhibiting bacterial growth.
The ED reports 3 cases of cramping, abdominal pain, and diarrhea within a 24-hour period. All persons are from the same community, and onset of symptoms was within 12 to 36 hours of a picnic they all attended. The IP suspects which of the following foodborne illnesses:
- A. Salmonella
- B. Hepatitis A
- C. Staphylococcus aureus
- D. Clostridium perfringens
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Clostridium perfringens has a short incubation period (6-24 hours) and causes cramping and diarrhea, fitting this scenario.
What distinguishes quality improvement from traditional quality assurance?
- A. QA is defensive, QI proactive
- B. QA focuses on individuals, QI on processes
- C. QA stresses MBO, QI stresses teams
- D. QI focuses on processes, QA on individual performance
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: QI emphasizes systemic improvements over individual scrutiny.
A measles exposure from a patient in a clinic was identified and an exposure work-up was initiated. A staff exposure was defined as 'nonimmune HCP with more than 5 minutes of same-room contact or faceto-face with the index patient.' Forty-eight HCP were identified as possible exposures. Of these, 44 had documented immunity to measles. Of the remaining HCP, three did not have the same room or face-to-face contact. How many HCP were at risk of developing measles because of the exposure?
- A. 4
- B. 45
- C. 1
- D. 48
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: 1 HCP (48 - 44 immune - 3 non-exposed) meets the exposure criteria.
Which of the following statements concerning population-based conceptualization of health care quality is true?
- A. Clinical practice guidelines are the core measures of this quality concept.
- B. Measurement of the health status of a community is commonly used to determine quality of care.
- C. The patient-provider relationship is the central element to this concept of quality.
- D. Evidence based practice is the most important factor to achieve quality in healthcare.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Population health metrics assess community-level outcomes.