Nokea
An older adult with heart failure is hospitalized during an acute exacerbation. To reduce cardiac workload, which intervention should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?
- A. Assist with ambulation in the hallway
- B. Encourage active range of motion exercises
- C. Provide a bedside commode for toileting
- D. Teach to sleep in a side-laying position
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Providing a bedside commode reduces the need for the client to walk to the bathroom, decreasing strain on the heart.
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Cytosolic glycogen accumulation does not occur in
- A. Pompe disease
- B. Mc Ardle's disease
- C. Phosphofructokinase deficiency
- D. Phosphoglycerate kinase deficiency
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Phosphoglycerate kinase deficiency does not lead to cytosolic glycogen accumulation.
Which food is most important for the nurse to encourage a male client with osteomalacia to include in his daily diet?
- A. Fortified milk and cereals
- B. Lean red meat and poultry
- C. Fresh fruits and vegetables
- D. Whole grains and legumes
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fortified foods rich in vitamin D and calcium are crucial for the client with osteomalacia to help in bone mineralization.
Contributing features to renal osteodystrophy include:
- A. Hypophosphataemia
- B. Hyperparathyroidism
- C. Increased loss of calcium in the kidney
- D. Hypoalbuminaemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hyperparathyroidism is a key contributor to renal osteodystrophy due to secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic kidney disease.
Skin lesions characteristically associated with CNS problems:
- A. Dermatitis herpetiformis
- B. Vitiligo
- C. Strawberry angioma on face
- D. Axillary freckling
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Axillary freckling
The following features are more suggestive of biliary atresia rather than neonatal hepatitis in an infant 6 weeks of age:
- A. Hepatomegaly
- B. Prolonged INR (prothrombin time)
- C. Biopsy specimen showed proliferation of bile ductules, periportal fibrosis and bile lakes
- D. HillA scan reveals delayed uptake and excretion of the contrast material
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Proliferation of bile ductules, periportal fibrosis, and bile lakes on biopsy are hallmark features of biliary atresia.