Nokea
An uncircumcised 78-year-old male has presented at the clinic complaining that he cannot retract his foreskin over his glans. On examination, it is noted that the foreskin is very constricted. The nurse should recognize the presence of what health problem?
- A. Bowens disease
- B. Peyronies disease
- C. Phimosis
- D. Priapism
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phimosis is a condition in which the foreskin of the penis is tight and cannot be retracted over the glans. It can occur in uncircumcised males, like the 78-year-old male in this scenario. Phimosis may lead to difficulty with hygiene, pain during sexual activity, and an increased risk of infections. Treatment may involve conservative measures such as topical corticosteroids or, in severe cases, surgical intervention like circumcision to alleviate the tightness of the foreskin.
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For the patient who delivered at 6:30 AM on January 10, Rho(D) immune globulin (RhoGAM) must be administered prior to
- A. 6:30 AM on January 13
- B. 6:30 PM on January 13
- C. 6:30 PM on January 14
- D. 6:30 AM on January 15
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rho(D) immune globulin (RhoGAM) needs to be administered within 72 hours postpartum to Rh-negative patients who have given birth to Rh-positive infants to prevent Rh sensitization. The patient delivered at 6:30 AM on January 10, so the RhoGAM should be administered prior to that time on January 13, which is 72 hours postpartum. Therefore, the correct choice is A. 6:30 AM on January 10.
A female patient tells the nurse that she thinks she has a vaginal infection because she has noted inflammation of her vulva and the presence of a frothy, yellow-green discharge. The nurse recognizes that the clinical manifestations described are typical of what vaginal infection?
- A. Trichomonas vaginalis
- B. Candidiasis
- C. Gardnerella
- D. Gonorrhea
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The clinical manifestations of inflammation of the vulva and the presence of frothy, yellow-green discharge are indicative of a vaginal infection caused by Trichomonas vaginalis. Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by a protozoan parasite. It commonly presents with symptoms such as frothy, yellow-green vaginal discharge, vaginal itching, inflammation of the vulva, and sometimes a foul odor. Testing for Trichomonas vaginalis can be done through microscopic examination of the vaginal discharge or through nucleic acid amplification tests. Treatment usually involves the use of antibiotics such as metronidazole or tinidazole. It is important to promptly diagnose and treat trichomoniasis to prevent complications and further transmission.
You are caring for an adult patient who has developed a mild oral yeast infection following chemotherapy. What actions should you encourage the patient to perform? Select all that apply.
- A. Use a lip lubricant.
- B. Scrub the tongue with a firm-bristled toothbrush.
- C. Use dental floss every 24 hours.
- D. Rinse the mouth with normal saline. E) Eat spicy food to aid in eradicating the yeast.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A. Using a lip lubricant can help keep the lips moist and prevent further irritation caused by the yeast infection.
A nurse is beginning to use patient-centered careand cultural competence to improve nursing care. Which step should the nurse takefirst?
- A. Assessing own biases and attitude
- B. Learning about the world view of others
- C. Understanding organizational forces
- D. Developing cultural skills
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Assessing own biases and attitudes is the first step a nurse should take when beginning to use patient-centered care and cultural competence to improve nursing care. By becoming more aware of one's biases and attitudes about human behavior, the nurse can enhance self-awareness and self-reflection. This self-awareness is vital in understanding one's own perspectives, beliefs, and values that may influence interactions with patients from different cultural backgrounds. It also allows the nurse to identify areas that may require improvement or further education. Understanding and addressing personal biases is fundamental to providing patient-centered care and avoiding potential cultural misunderstandings that may arise in the healthcare setting.
The nurse is caring for a patient who has terminal lung cancer and is unconscious. Which assessment finding would most clearly indicate to the nurse that the patients death is imminent?
- A. Mottling of the lower limbs
- B. Slow, steady pulse
- C. Bowel incontinence
- D. Increased swallowing
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mottling of the lower limbs is a common physical sign seen in patients approaching death. This occurs when there is poor circulation leading to a bluish or purplish discoloration of the skin, particularly on the extremities. The appearance of mottling indicates that the body is no longer able to maintain adequate blood flow to the extremities, signaling that the patient is in the final stages of life. It is a significant finding that strongly suggests imminent death in patients with terminal illness, such as in this case of a patient with terminal lung cancer who is unconscious.