Nokea
Any disturbance of a structure or function of the body is a pathologic condition. What is the term for this condition?
- A. Injury
- B. Condition
- C. Disease
- D. Pathology
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A disease is any disturbance of a structure or function of the body.
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When auscultating the chest a nurse hears crackles in both lower lobes. To further assess this finding the nurse should ask the patient to ____.
Correct Answer: cough
Rationale: It is a useful assessment to determine that the patient can clear the secretions by coughing.
A patient has discoloration of an area of their mucous membrane caused by extravasation of blood into the subcutaneous tissue. What should the nurse document that the patient has?
- A. Dyspnea
- B. Cyanosis
- C. Diaphoresis
- D. Ecchymosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Ecchymosis is discoloration of an area of the skin or mucous membrane caused by the extravasation of blood into subcutaneous tissues as a result of trauma to the underlying blood vessels or by fragility of the vessel walls (also called a bruise).
When assessing a patient the nurse notes that the patient has an unnatural paleness of color to the skin. How should the nurse document this finding?
- A. Skin pallor
- B. Pruritus
- C. Sallow skin
- D. Jaundice
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pallor is an unnatural paleness or absence of color in the skin; it may result from a decrease in hemoglobin and erythrocytes.
A nurse needs to auscultate a patient's lung sounds. In what position should the nurse place the patient?
- A. Sims
- B. Prone
- C. Sitting
- D. Lithotomy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sitting upright provides full expansion of the lungs and provides better visualization of symmetry of upper body parts.
When performing a physical examination of a patient the nurse uses a technique that is particularly useful in identifying areas of tenderness or masses of the abdomen. What is this technique?
- A. Auscultation
- B. Deep palpation
- C. Light palpation
- D. Percussion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Deep palpation is used to detect tenderness or masses of the abdomen.