NCLEX Chronic Illness Practice Questions

NCLEX Chronic Illness Practice Questions Related

Review NCLEX Chronic Illness Practice Questions related questions and content

Appropriate statements regarding markers of outcome after major surgery in England in 2014 include:

  • A. Data about each hospital's complication rates after surgery are readily available.
  • B. Data about each hospital's 30-day mortality after surgery are readily available.
  • C. For most procedures, 90-day mortality rate are similar to 30-day mortality rates.
  • D. National Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) data are useful for monitoring the performance of units.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In 2014 England, surgical outcome transparency increased. Complication rates weren't universally published per hospital, varying by procedure and trust. However, 30-day mortality data were widely available, notably via NHS initiatives and specialty audits (e.g., National Joint Registry), reflecting short-term success. Ninety-day mortality often exceeds 30-day rates (e.g., in vascular surgery), capturing delayed deaths, so they're not typically similar. HES data, capturing inpatient episodes, help monitor trends and performance, though coding accuracy limits granularity. Weekend admission mortality was higher, per studies like 2015 BMJ, due to staffing and care differences. The availability of 30-day mortality data was a key quality metric, driving accountability and improvement in surgical care.

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Madam Lim 79 years old is functionally independent and lives in the community. She has osteoarthritis of the knee and hypertension. What would you set her target BP to be?

  • A. <120/80 mmHg
  • B. <130/80 mmHg
  • C. <135/85 mmHg
  • D. <150/90 mmHg
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Fit 79 <150/90 balances hypertension, age; tighter risks falls, joints. Nurses set this chronic elder goal.

Which of the following is the priority nursing intervention for a client experiencing a transfusion reaction?

  • A. Stop transfusion immediately
  • B. Check vital signs
  • C. Notify the provider
  • D. Flush the intravenous line
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Transfusion reactions hemolytic or allergic kill fast; stopping the infusion halts antigen flood, the priority per ABCs to save life. Vitals, notifying, or flushing follow stopping's first. Nurses act swift, cutting the culprit, a non-negotiable step in this blood-borne crisis, trumping all else.

Non modifiable risk factors for developing chronic illness includes

  • A. Tobacco smoking
  • B. Political factors
  • C. Family history
  • D. High blood pressure
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Chronic illness risk splits family history's locked in, genes dictating diabetes or heart disease odds, unchangeable. Smoking's a choice, modifiable; politics shape systems, not biology; high BP's treatable, not fixed. Nurses flag this genetic thread, focusing prevention elsewhere, a chronic cornerstone where heritage trumps habits or policy.

A hospitalized client has a platelet count of 58,000/mm³. What action by the nurse is best?

  • A. Implement fall precautions
  • B. Encourage high-protein foods
  • C. Limit visitors to healthy adults
  • D. Institute neutropenic precautions
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A platelet count of 58,000/mm³ below 150,000 signals thrombocytopenia, raising bleeding risk, especially from falls. Implementing fall precautions curbs trauma, preventing bleeds like intracranial hemorrhage, a practical priority over dietary tweaks. High-protein foods aid healing but don't address immediate danger. Limiting visitors or neutropenic precautions fits low WBCs, not platelets 58,000 isn't neutropenic (below 1,000 neutrophils). Nurses prioritize safety, making fall precautions the best action, directly mitigating this lab's implications in a hospitalized client prone to injury.

During the teaching session for a patient who has a new diagnosis of acute leukemia, the patient is restless and looks away without making eye contact. The patient asks the nurse to repeat the information about the complications associated with chemotherapy. Based on this assessment, which nursing diagnosis is appropriate for the patient?

  • A. Risk for ineffective adherence to treatment related to denial of need for chemotherapy
  • B. Acute confusion related to infiltration of leukemia cells into the central nervous system
  • C. Deficient knowledge: chemotherapy related to a lack of interest in learning about treatment
  • D. Risk for ineffective health maintenance related to possible anxiety about leukemia diagnosis
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: New leukemia diagnosis plus restlessness and repeat requests scream anxiety risk for ineffective health maintenance' fits, as it ties to coping, not denial , brain infiltration , or disinterest . Nurses in oncology spot this fear fogs learning, needing slower, calmer teaching to stick.

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