Nokea
Approximately how many muscles are in the human body?
- A. 100
- B. 200
- C. 600
- D. Over 600
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The human body has over 600 muscles responsible for various functions like movement, stability, and posture. These muscles work together enabling us to perform daily activities and are crucial for our overall health and well-being. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because the human body has far more than 100, 200, or 600 muscles. Option D, 'Over 600,' is the correct answer as it accurately reflects the approximate number of muscles in the human body.
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When a person pushes a box across the floor, which of the following forces is NOT doing work?
- A. The person's pushing force
- B. The normal force from the floor
- C. The gravitational force on the box
- D. The frictional force between the box and the floor
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The normal force from the floor is perpendicular to the direction of motion of the box, so it does not contribute to the work being done. Work is only done by forces acting in the direction of motion of an object. In this case, the normal force is acting at a right angle to the motion, hence it does not perform any work on the box. The person's pushing force, the gravitational force, and the frictional force are all acting in the direction of motion of the box, so they contribute to the work being done in moving the box across the floor.
The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of an antibiotic refers to:
- A. The lowest concentration that kills bacteria
- B. The dose required for 50% bacterial inhibition
- C. The time it takes for an antibiotic to work
- D. The spectrum of bacteria the antibiotic targets
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A) The lowest concentration that kills bacteria is known as the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), not the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). MIC is the lowest concentration of an antibiotic that inhibits visible growth of bacteria.
B) The MIC of an antibiotic is the concentration at which bacterial growth is inhibited by 50%. This concentration is used to determine the effectiveness of an antibiotic against a specific bacterium.
C) The time it takes for an antibiotic to work is not described by the MIC. MIC is a measure of concentration, not time.
D) The spectrum of bacteria the antibiotic targets is not defined by the MIC. The MIC value is specific to a particular antibiotic and bacterium, regardless of the spectrum of activity of the antibiotic.
What type of tissue is bone composed of?
- A. Epithelial tissue
- B. Connective tissue
- C. Hard connective tissue
- D. Muscle tissue
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bone is composed of connective tissue. Connective tissues are characterized by having cells scattered within an extracellular matrix. In the case of bone, the extracellular matrix is mineralized, giving bone its hardness and strength. Choice A, epithelial tissue, is not correct as bone is not primarily composed of epithelial cells. Choice C, hard connective tissue, is not a recognized category of tissue in the scientific classification; bone is classified under connective tissue. Choice D, muscle tissue, is incorrect as bone and muscle tissues are distinct types of tissues with different structures and functions.
What is the term for the time it takes for a wave to complete one full cycle?
- A. Frequency
- B. Amplitude
- C. Period
- D. Wavelength
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The period of a wave is the time it takes for one complete cycle to occur. It is the duration between two successive points in the wave that are in the same phase. Frequency, on the other hand, refers to the number of cycles of a wave that occur in a given time period. Amplitude represents the maximum displacement of a wave from its equilibrium position. Wavelength is the distance between two consecutive points on a wave that are in phase. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Period' as it specifically refers to the time taken for a wave to complete one full cycle, distinguishing it from the other choices which represent different properties of a wave.
What information can be obtained from the mass number of an element?
- A. The number of protons in the nucleus
- B. The total number of protons and neutrons
- C. The number of electrons in the valence shell
- D. The element's chemical reactivity
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The mass number of an element represents the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. This information is crucial for determining the atomic mass of the element and understanding its stability and isotopes. The number of protons in the nucleus (option A) is represented by the atomic number, not the mass number. The number of electrons in the valence shell (option C) is related to the element's position in the periodic table and its chemical properties, but it is not directly determined by the mass number. The element's chemical reactivity (option D) is influenced by the number and arrangement of electrons in the atom's energy levels, not by the mass number.