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Arrange the following fractions from least to greatest: 2/3, 1/2, 5/8, 7/9.
- A. 7/9, 5/8, 2/3, 1/2
- B. 1/2, 2/3, 5/8, 7/9
- C. 1/2, 5/8, 2/3, 7/9
- D. 7/9, 2/3, 5/8, 1/2
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: To compare the fractions, it is beneficial to convert them to decimals or find a common denominator. When converted to decimals: 1/2 = 0.50, 5/8 = 0.625, 2/3 ≈ 0.666, and 7/9 ≈ 0.778. Therefore, the correct order from least to greatest is 1/2, 5/8, 2/3, 7/9. Choice A is incorrect because it places 7/9 first, which is the greatest fraction. Choice B is incorrect as it incorrectly lists the fractions. Choice D is incorrect as it starts with 7/9, which is the largest fraction instead of the smallest.
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In a fraction, which number is the numerator and which is the denominator?
- A. Numerator: top, Denominator: bottom
- B. Numerator: bottom, Denominator: top
- C. Numerator: left, Denominator: right
- D. Numerator: right, Denominator: left
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Numerator: top, Denominator: bottom.' In a fraction, the numerator is the top number, representing the part of the whole being considered, while the denominator is the bottom number, indicating the total number of equal parts into which the whole is divided. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they provide inaccurate descriptions of the numerator and denominator positions in a fraction.
A patient requires a 30% decrease in the dosage of their medication. Their current dosage is 340 mg. What will their dosage be after the decrease?
- A. 70 mg
- B. 238 mg
- C. 270 mg
- D. 340 mg
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: To calculate a 30% decrease in 340 mg, you multiply 340 by 0.3, which equals 102 mg. Subtracting this from the current dosage gives 340 - 102 = 238 mg. Therefore, the correct answer is 238 mg. Choice A (70 mg) is incorrect because it represents a 70% decrease, not 30%. Choice C (270 mg) is incorrect as it does not reflect the correct calculation for a 30% decrease. Choice D (340 mg) is the initial dosage and not the reduced dosage after a 30% decrease.
What is the equation that describes the relationship between x and y in the table below: x = 2, y = 6; x = 3, y = 9; x = 4, y = 12?
- A. y = 3x
- B. x = 3y
- C. y = x/3
- D. y = x + 3
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is y = 3x. By examining the table provided, we can see that for each increase of 1 in x, y increases by 3. This consistent pattern indicates that y is three times the value of x, leading to the equation y = 3x. Choices B, C, and D do not match the pattern observed in the table and are therefore incorrect.
What is the least common denominator of two fractions?
- A. The smallest number that is a multiple of both denominators
- B. The smallest number that both fractions can divide into evenly
- C. The least common multiple of both denominators
- D. The greatest common factor of both denominators
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The least common denominator of two fractions is the least common multiple of both denominators. This is because the least common denominator is the smallest number that both denominators can divide into evenly, ensuring that both fractions can be expressed with a common denominator. Choice A is incorrect as the least common denominator is a multiple of both denominators, not a number that multiplies into both. Choice B is incorrect because the common denominator needs to be a multiple of both denominators, not just a number they can divide into evenly. Choice D is incorrect as the greatest common factor is not used to find the least common denominator, but rather the least common multiple.
"is" in math means what?
- A. Equals
- B. Multiply
- C. Subtract
- D. Add
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In mathematics, "is" signifies equality, meaning that the values or expressions on both sides of the equation are the same. For example, in the equation 2+2=4, the phrase "2 + 2 is 4" indicates that the sum of 2 and 2 equals 4.
"Multiply" refers to the operation of combining two numbers to obtain a product. For instance, in the expression 34, we multiply 3 by 4 to get 12.
"Subtract" means to take one number away from another, resulting in a difference. For example, in 5−2, we subtract 2 from 5 to get 3.
"Add" refers to the operation of combining two numbers to get a sum. For example, in 2+3, we add 2 and 3 to get 5.