Nokea
Arrange the following unknown fluids in the correct order of how they would separate in a beaker, listed from bottom to top, based on the given measurements.
- A. A, B, C
- B. A, C, B
- C. C, A, B
- D. B, A, C
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: To determine the order of separation in a beaker, we need to consider the densities of the fluids. Density (d) = mass (m) / volume (V). Comparing the densities of the fluids, we find: Fluid A: d = 2060g / 2000mL = 1.03 g/mL, Fluid B: d = 672g / 850mL = 0.79 g/mL, Fluid C: d = 990g / 1100mL = 0.90 g/mL. Since fluids separate in a beaker based on their densities (with the highest density sinking to the bottom), the correct order from bottom to top is B (highest density), then C, and finally A (lowest density). Therefore, the correct answer is A,C,B.
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What is the name for the horizontal rows of the periodic table?
- A. groups
- B. periods
- C. families
- D. sets
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the periodic table, the horizontal rows are called 'periods.' These periods represent the number of electron shells an element has. Each period starts a new energy level, indicating the elements' properties and atomic structure. 'Groups' refer to the vertical columns of the periodic table, each containing elements with similar chemical properties. 'Families' can also be used interchangeably with groups. 'Sets' is a vague term and not specifically related to the layout of the periodic table. Understanding the distinction between 'periods' and 'groups' is crucial in comprehending the organization and properties of elements in the periodic table.
Which of the following states of matter exhibits the most molecular motion?
- A. Solid
- B. Liquid
- C. Gas
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is 'C: Gas'. Gas exhibits the most molecular motion compared to solid and liquid states. In a gas state, molecules possess high kinetic energy, are spaced far apart, and move freely in all directions. This results in increased molecular motion compared to the more structured and restricted motion observed in solids and liquids. In solids, molecules are tightly packed and have minimal movement, while in liquids, although the molecules are more mobile than in solids, they are still more constrained compared to gases. Therefore, gas stands out as the state of matter with the highest molecular motion due to the high energy and freedom of movement of its molecules.
What is the mass of ethyl alcohol that will exactly fill a 200.0 mL container?
- A. 157.8 g
- B. 25.49 g
- C. 0.39 g
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: To determine the mass of ethyl alcohol required to fill a 200.0 mL container, we apply the formula Mass = Volume x Density. Given that the volume is 200.0 mL and the density of ethyl alcohol is 0.789 g/mL, the calculation becomes Mass = 200.0 mL x 0.789 g/mL = 157.8 g. Therefore, the correct answer is A, 157.8 g, as this is the mass of ethyl alcohol needed to completely occupy the 200.0 mL container.
Which of the following describes atomic mass?
- A. Mass of protons and electrons
- B. Mass of neutrons and electrons
- C. Average mass of that element's isotopes
- D. Number of moles in a solution
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Average mass of that element's isotopes. Atomic mass is the weighted average mass of the isotopes of an element, considering the natural abundance of each isotope. It is not just the sum of protons and neutrons or neutrons and electrons. Understanding atomic mass is crucial in chemistry as it helps in determining the molar mass of elements, which is essential in various chemical calculations such as stoichiometry and reaction equations.
In a double replacement reaction, which of the following occurs?
- A. Energy in the form of heat or light is not always produced.
- B. The reactants can involve a variety of elements.
- C. A gas, solid precipitate, or compound forms in the exchange of ions.
- D. All of the above.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In a double replacement reaction, two compounds exchange ions to form two new compounds. This often results in the formation of a gas, a solid precipitate, or a new compound. Choice A is not always true as energy production can vary in different reactions. Choice B is not a defining characteristic of double replacement reactions, as the reactants can involve a variety of elements. Therefore, the correct answer is C, as it accurately describes a common outcome of double replacement reactions.