Nokea
As the new PHN in barangay Masinag, what is necessary to conduct in order to get a picture of the health and social status of the community?
- A. Mass information campaign
- B. Home visit
- C. Community assembly
- D. Community health survey
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: To accurately assess the health and social status of a community, conducting a community health survey is essential. This method provides a comprehensive and systematic way to gather data on various health indicators and social determinants within the community. Choices A, B, and C are not as effective in providing a holistic view of the community's health and social status. A mass information campaign may raise awareness but lacks in-depth data collection, a home visit focuses on individual households rather than the entire community, and a community assembly may not reach all community members or provide structured data collection.
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A 16-year-old female client returns to the clinic because she is pregnant for the third time by a new boyfriend. Which vaccine should the nurse plan to administer?
- A. Measles-mumps-rubella.
- B. Hepatitis B.
- C. Human papillomavirus.
- D. Pneumococcal.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hepatitis B. The Hepatitis B vaccine is crucial for pregnant women as it helps prevent transmission of the virus to the baby during childbirth. Measles-mumps-rubella vaccine (choice A) is not directly related to the current situation of the client being pregnant. Human papillomavirus vaccine (choice C) is recommended for adolescents but is not specifically indicated in this case. Pneumococcal vaccine (choice D) is not a priority in this scenario compared to Hepatitis B, which is crucial for preventing vertical transmission.
A community hospital is an example of which level of health care?
- A. Secondary level health care
- B. Primary health care
- C. Tertiary level care
- D. Intermediate level care
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A community hospital is categorized under secondary level health care. Secondary level health care facilities, like community hospitals, provide specialized outpatient care, diagnostic services, and treatment that are more complex than what is offered in primary health care settings. Choice B, primary health care, refers to basic and routine health care services typically provided by family doctors or general practitioners, which is not the level of care provided by community hospitals. Tertiary level care (choice C) involves highly specialized and complex medical services such as neurosurgery or organ transplants, which are beyond the scope of services provided by community hospitals. Intermediate level care (choice D) is not a recognized category in the hierarchy of health care levels.
A client with asthma is receiving albuterol (Proventil). The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following side effects?
- A. Hypoglycemia
- B. Hyperkalemia
- C. Tachycardia
- D. Hypotension
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Tachycardia. Albuterol can cause tachycardia as a side effect due to its stimulant effect on the heart. It acts as a beta-2 adrenergic agonist, leading to increased heart rate. Hypoglycemia (choice A) is not a common side effect of albuterol. Hyperkalemia (choice B) is also not typically associated with albuterol use. Hypotension (choice D) is less likely to occur as albuterol usually causes tachycardia rather than hypotension.
While performing an initial assessment on a newborn following a breech delivery, the nurse suspects hip dislocation. Which of the following is most suggestive of the abnormality?
- A. Flexion of lower extremities
- B. Negative Ortolani response
- C. Lengthened leg of affected side
- D. Irregular hip symmetry
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Irregular hip symmetry, such as asymmetry in the gluteal folds, is a common sign of hip dislocation in newborns. This finding indicates a potential abnormality in hip development and requires further evaluation and possible treatment. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Flexion of lower extremities is a normal newborn reflex, the Ortolani response is used to detect hip dysplasia rather than hip dislocation, and a lengthened leg of the affected side is not typically associated with hip dislocation in newborns.
While caring for a client with infective endocarditis, the nurse must be alert for signs of pulmonary embolism. Which of the following assessment findings suggests this complication?
- A. Positive Homan's sign
- B. Fever and chills
- C. Dyspnea and cough
- D. Sensory impairment
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Dyspnea and cough.' Pulmonary embolism often presents with a sudden onset of dyspnea (difficulty breathing) and cough, which are due to the obstruction of blood flow in the pulmonary arteries. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Positive Homan's sign is associated with deep vein thrombosis, fever and chills are nonspecific symptoms commonly seen in infective endocarditis, and sensory impairment is not typically indicative of pulmonary embolism.