Nokea
At a follow-up clinic visit, the client who had a sigmoid colectomy for colon cancer is instructed to take 325 mg of aspirin per day. The nurse explains to the client that the aspirin will have which effect?
- A. Help decrease the surgical pain
- B. Help heal the surgical incision
- C. Prevent the return of colon cancer
- D. Prevent metastasis of the cancer
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Aspirin (Ecotrin) 325 mg taken daily has been shown to decrease the risk of recurrence of colon cancer.
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Which statement by the client diagnosed with hepatitis warrants immediate intervention by the clinic nurse?
- A. I will not drink any type of beer or mixed drink.
- B. I will get adequate rest so I don’t get exhausted.
- C. I had a big hearty breakfast this morning.
- D. I took some cough syrup for this nasty head cold.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cough syrup may contain hepatotoxic ingredients (e.g., acetaminophen), posing a risk to a hepatitis patient’s liver, requiring immediate intervention. Other statements are appropriate or benign.
The client is diagnosed with ulcerative colitis. Which sign/symptom warrants immediate intervention by the nurse?
- A. The client has 20 bloody stools a day.
- B. The client's oral temperature is 99.8°F.
- C. The client's abdomen is hard and rigid.
- D. The client complains of urinating when coughing.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A hard, rigid abdomen suggests peritonitis or perforation, a life-threatening complication of ulcerative colitis requiring immediate intervention. Frequent bloody stools are expected, low-grade fever is less urgent, and urinary incontinence is unrelated.
The client is prescribed infliximab 5 mg/kg every 8 weeks for treatment of Crohn’s disease. The client weighs 116 lb. How many milligrams (mg) should the nurse administer? _________ mg (Record your answer rounded to a whole number.)
Correct Answer: 264
Rationale: To calculate the dose: 1. Convert weight to kilograms: 116 lb ÷ 2.2 = 52.727 kg. 2. Calculate dose: 5 mg/kg × 52.727 kg = 263.635 mg. 3. Round to a whole number: 264 mg.
The occupational health nurse has had five (5) clients come to the clinic complaining of abdominal cramping, nausea, and vomiting. Which information should the nurse teach the employees to decrease the spread of this condition?
- A. Teach the employees to cough into the sleeve.
- B. Teach the housekeepers to use an antibacterial soap.
- C. Teach the coworkers to get a hepatitis vaccine.
- D. Teach the employees to wash their hands frequently.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Frequent handwashing prevents the spread of gastroenteritis, likely causing these symptoms. Coughing into sleeves, antibacterial soap, and hepatitis vaccines are less relevant.
The nurse is assessing a client who may have a hiatal hernia. What symptom is the client most likely to report?
- A. Projectile vomiting
- B. Crampy lower abdominal pain
- C. Burning substernal pain
- D. Bloody diarrhea
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Burning substernal pain, often mistaken for heartburn, is a hallmark symptom of hiatal hernia due to acid reflux.