Nokea
At what age do the synaptic connections in human brain peak?
- A. At birth
- B. End of 3 years
- C. 5 years
- D. 8 years
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Synaptic connections peak around the end of 3 years (B), a period of rapid synaptogenesis and neural plasticity, followed by pruning. At birth (A), development begins, while 5 (C) and 8 years (D) see continued growth but past the peak, per neurodevelopmental research.
You may also like to solve these questions
A depressed patient tells the nurse, "The bad things that happen are always my fault." How should the nurse respond to assist the patient to reframe this overgeneralization?
- A. I really doubt that one person can be blamed for all the bad things that happen.
- B. You are being exceptionally hard on yourself when you imply you are a jinx.
- C. What about the good things that happen; are any of those ever your fault?
- D. Let's look at one bad thing that happened to see if another explanation exists.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it encourages the patient to challenge the overgeneralization by exploring alternative explanations for a specific event. By examining one bad thing in detail, the patient can see that not everything is their fault, promoting a more balanced perspective.
A is incorrect because it simply doubts the patient's statement without providing a constructive way to reframe it. B is incorrect as it introduces the idea of being a jinx, which may further reinforce the patient's negative self-perception. C is incorrect as it diverts the focus to good things, which does not address the patient's negative beliefs about themselves.
The severe feeling of restlessness produced by some psychotropic medications, which is often misinterpreted by patients as anxiety or a recurrence of psychiatric symptoms, is known as:
- A. akathisia
- B. akinesia
- C. bradykinesia
- D. dystonia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Akathisia is a common side effect of antipsychotics, characterized by restlessness often mistaken for worsening psychiatric symptoms.
A patient is hospitalized for severe depression. Of the medications listed below, the nurse can expect to provide the patient with teaching about:
- A. Chlordiazepoxide (Librium).
- B. Clozapine (Clozaril).
- C. Sertraline (Zoloft).
- D. Tacrine (Cognex).
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale:
1. Severe depression is typically treated with antidepressants like Sertraline (Zoloft).
2. Sertraline is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) commonly used to treat depression.
3. The nurse should provide teaching on how to take the medication, potential side effects, and monitoring for effectiveness.
4. Other choices (A, B, D) are not typically used as first-line treatment for severe depression and may not be appropriate for this patient.
The patient on the mental health unit who should be assessed as being at highest risk for directing violent behavior toward others is the patient who has:
- A. Obsessive-compulsive disorder and performs many rituals.
- B. Paranoid delusions of being followed by the Mafia.
- C. Severe depression with feelings of worthlessness and self-loathing.
- D. Completed alcohol withdrawal and is now in a rehabilitation program.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because paranoid delusions of being followed by the Mafia indicate a high level of suspiciousness and potential for harm to others. This patient may act out violently in self-defense or as a reaction to perceived threats. Choice A is incorrect as OCD rituals are typically not associated with violent behavior. Choice C is incorrect as severe depression is more likely to result in self-harm rather than harm towards others. Choice D is incorrect as completed alcohol withdrawal and entering a rehabilitation program do not inherently indicate an increased risk of violent behavior towards others.
A nursing diagnosis for a patient with bulimia nervosa is Ineffective coping related to feelings of loneliness and isolation, as evidenced by use of overeating and self-induced vomiting to comfort self. Select the best outcome related to this diagnosis. Within 2 weeks, the patient will:
- A. Appropriately express angry feelings.
- B. Verbalize two positive things about self.
- C. Verbalize the importance of eating a balanced diet.
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rationale:
1. Patient's diagnosis indicates coping issues, not anger expression or self-esteem.
2. Patient's coping mechanism involves overeating and vomiting, not diet.
3. Outcome should focus on coping skills improvement, not unrelated goals.
4. None of the choices address the root issue of coping with loneliness and isolation.
5. Thus, the correct answer is D, as none of the options directly address the patient's ineffective coping mechanism.