Nokea
Bath salts can irritate the urethra, making it more susceptible to infection.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bath salts can irritate the urethra, increasing susceptibility to infection.
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A blood test called measures a waste product normally eliminated from the body by the kidneys. Elevated levels may reflect infection or some degree of kidney impairment.
- A. BUN
- B. Creatinine
- C. eGFR
- D. CBC
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Creatinine is a waste product filtered by the kidneys, and elevated levels in a blood test indicate kidney impairment or infection.
Urinary sepsis is a potential complication of any UTI because
- A. A continuous membrane lines all the structures of the urinary system.
- B. Bacteria from outside the urinary meatus can spread through the urethra to the bladder, then the ureters, and into the kidneys.
- C. Once a UTI occurs, the immune system is compromised and can no longer fight bacteria entering the blood.
- D. The total volume of a person's blood flows through the kidneys each day to be filtered, and this could allow bacteria to spread to the blood.
Correct Answer: B,D
Rationale: Bacteria can ascend from the urethra to the kidneys, and the kidneys' filtration of blood allows bacteria to enter the bloodstream, leading to sepsis.
Fever, chills, malaise, nausea, vomiting, and flank pain mean the infection has most likely spread to the kidneys, causing pyelonephritis.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: These symptoms indicate pyelonephritis, a kidney infection resulting from an untreated or severe UTI.
You note that in the past 3 hours no urine has drained into your female patient's urinary collection bag. Which of the following is most likely responsible for this?
- A. Kinks in the tubing
- B. Acute renal failure
- C. Poor positioning of the drainage bag
- D. A kidney stone blocking the catheter
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Kinks in the tubing are the most common cause of no urine flow, as they obstruct drainage.
If a patient had an order to discontinue a catheter the day after surgery, under what circumstances might you consider delaying doing so until you talk with the physician?
- A. If the patient complained of burning or discomfort because of the catheter
- B. If the patient's output is greater than 50 mL/hr
- C. If the patient's output is less than 30 mL/hr
- D. If the patient's urine is dark amber
Correct Answer: C,D
Rationale: Low urine output (<30 mL/hr) or dark amber urine may indicate inadequate kidney function or dehydration, warranting consultation before catheter removal.