Nokea
Before administering an antihistamine to a client, which of the following would the nurse include in the preadministration assessment? Select all that apply.
- A. Asking about symptoms
- B. Checking visual acuity
- C. Asking about prescription medications
- D. Auscultating bowel sounds
- E. Auscultating heart sounds
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: The preadministration assessment for clients receiving antihistamines depends on the reason for use but should at the least include asking about symptoms of the involved areas and asking about prescription medications the client is taking.
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A client is prescribed an antitussive for home use. Which of the following should a nurse include in the client's teaching plan? Select all that apply.
- A. Decreasing fluid intake during treatment with an antitussive
- B. Encouraging the use of sedatives during treatment
- C. Drinking fluids at least 30 minutes after taking a lozenge form
- D. Swallowing oral antitussive capsules whole
- E. Avoiding respiratory irritants during antitussive treatment
Correct Answer: D,E
Rationale: A client's antitussive teaching plan should include the following instructions, do not exceed recommended dose; avoid respiratory irritants; drink plenty of fluids if not contraindicated; swallow oral capsules whole; avoid drinking fluids for 30 minutes after taking a lozenge; do not use alcohol or other CNS depressants while being treated with antitussives; and contact the physician if cough is not relieved or becomes worse or is accompanied by chills, fever, chest pain, or sputum production.
After teaching a group of nursing students about antihistamines, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which of the following as less sedating? Select all that apply.
- A. Loratadine (Claritin)
- B. Fexofenadine (Allegra)
- C. Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
- D. Brompheniramine (Lodrane)
- E. Clemastine (Tavist)
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Loratadine, fexofenadine, and cetirizine are considered second-generation antihistamines that are less sedating than first-generation antihistamines (brompheniramine and clemastine).
A nursing instructor is describing the advantages of using a second-generation antihistamine over a first-generation antihistamine. Which of the following would the instructor most likely include? Select all that apply.
- A. Less sedation
- B. Fewer anticholinergic effects
- C. Less nausea
- D. Can be used during pregnancy
- E. Can be used during lactation
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: Second-generation antihistamines cause less sedation and fewer anticholinergic effects because they selectively bind to peripheral rather than central H1 receptors. Some first-generation antihistamines can be used as antiemetics. Use of any antihistamine is contraindicated during pregnancy and lactation.
A nurse is assigned to care for a client with a nonproductive cough. The client has been prescribed codeine sulfate. The nurse understands that this drug is contraindicated in which client?
- A. Client with head injury
- B. Client with COPD
- C. Premature infant
- D. Clients with asthma
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Codeine sulfate is contraindicated in premature infants. Codeine sulfate should be used cautiously in clients with head injury, COPD, and asthma.
A client is suffering from rebound congestion. Which of the following would the nurse expect to do to help the client experience relief from rebound congestion? Select all that apply.
- A. Suggest the client switch from a topical decongestant to an oral product.
- B. Recommend the client switch from an oral decongestant to a topical product.
- C. Tell the client to abruptly discontinue the decongestant product.
- D. Advise the client to gradually discontinue the decongestant product.
- E. Suggest a saline irrigation of the nasal passages in place of the decongestant.
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale: Rebound congestion can be treated by a switch from a topical to an oral decongestant, gradual discontinuation of the topical decongestant, or replacement of the topical decongestant with saline irrigation of the nasal passages.