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Before allowing the client's infant granddaughter to visit before the client's scheduled heart transplant, the nurse decides it would be beneficial to collaborate with which of the following? Select all that apply.
- A. Client and Family
- B. Other nursing staff on the unit
- C. Security department
- D. Hospital administration
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Collaborating with the client and family is crucial as it fosters a sense of autonomy and active involvement in the healthcare process for the client. Involving other nursing staff ensures the successful implementation of the planned intervention and provides support for the client's needs. Collaboration with the security department or hospital administration is not necessary in this situation, as the focus should be on the client's well-being and family involvement during a sensitive time.
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During which part of the client interview would it be best for the nurse to ask, 'What's the weather forecast for today?'
- A. Introduction
- B. Body
- C. Closing
- D. Orientation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Asking about the weather initiates the social or introductory phase of the interview, allowing the nurse to establish rapport with the client at the beginning. This question can help assess the client's mental status and set a friendly tone. In the body phase, the client responds to the nurse's inquiries, while during the closing phase, either the nurse or the client concludes the interview. Therefore, the best time to ask about the weather forecast is during the introduction phase to facilitate a positive start to the interaction.
During a work shift, how can a nurse best demonstrate the dynamic nature of the nursing process?
- A. Collaborating with the client to establish healthcare goals
- B. Reviewing the client's medical record history
- C. Explaining the purpose of administered medications to the client
- D. Rapidly resetting priorities for client care based on changes in the client's condition
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nursing process is dynamic as it involves adapting to the changing health status of the client. Rapidly resetting priorities for client care based on changes in the client's condition exemplifies this dynamic nature by responding promptly to evolving circumstances. Collaborating with the client to establish healthcare goals (Option A), reviewing the client's medical record history (Option B), and explaining the purpose of administered medications to the client (Option C) are all essential nursing actions but do not directly showcase the dynamic nature of the nursing process.
In addition to standard precautions, the nurse caring for a patient with rubella would plan to implement what type of precautions?
- A. Droplet precautions
- B. Airborne precautions
- C. Contact precautions
- D. Universal precautions
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rubella is an illness transmitted by large-particle droplets, so the nurse should implement droplet precautions in addition to standard precautions. Airborne precautions are used for diseases spread through small particles in the air, such as tuberculosis, varicella, and rubeola. Contact precautions are utilized for diseases transmitted by direct contact with the patient or their environment. Universal precautions and body substance isolations are part of the CDC's standard precautions recommendations, but do not specifically address the transmission route of rubella.
During the implementation phase of the nursing process when working with a hospitalized adult, which of the following actions would the nurse take?
- A. Formulate a nursing diagnosis of impaired gas exchange
- B. Record in the medical record the distance a client ambulates in the hall
- C. Write individualized nursing orders in the care plan
- D. Compare client responses to the desired outcomes for pain relief
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: During the implementation phase of the nursing process, the nurse is responsible for carrying out or delegating nursing interventions and documenting nursing activities and client responses in the medical records. Option A involves diagnosing, which is part of the nursing process's earlier phases. Option C pertains to planning, which precedes implementation. Option D relates to evaluation, which comes after the implementation phase.
A 75-year-old client, hospitalized with a cerebral vascular accident (stroke), becomes disoriented at times and tries to get out of bed but is unable to ambulate without help. What is the most appropriate safety measure?
- A. Restrain the client in bed
- B. Ask a family member to stay with the client
- C. Check the client every 15 minutes
- D. Use a bed exit safety monitoring device
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Option D is the most appropriate safety measure in this scenario. Using a bed exit safety monitoring device allows the client to retain some independence while ensuring that the nursing staff is alerted when assistance is needed. This solution promotes client safety without compromising their autonomy. Option A, restraining the client in bed, can lead to increased agitation, confusion, and a loss of independence. Option B, asking a family member to stay with the client, shifts the responsibility away from the healthcare team. Option C, checking the client every 15 minutes, is not a sufficient safety measure as the client could attempt to get out of bed in the unobserved interval, risking falls and injury.