Nokea
Before the cardiac catheterization and coronary arteriogram, it is essential for the nurse will be taken about any allergy to iodine or which other substance?
- A. Penicillin
- B. Morphine
- C. Shellfish
- D. Eggs
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Shellfish allergies often indicate a risk of iodine sensitivity, which is critical since contrast dye used in arteriograms contains iodine.
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An adult male has a high level of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) in proportion to low-density lipoproteins (LDL). How does this relate to his risk of developing coronary artery disease (CAD)?
- A. His risk for CAD is low.
- B. There is no direct correlation.
- C. His risk may increase with exercise.
- D. His risk will increase with age.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A high HDL-to-LDL ratio is protective against coronary artery disease, lowering risk due to HDL’s role in removing cholesterol from arteries.
The licensed practical nurse (LPN) is assisting the registered nurse (RN) in developing the nursing care plan for an older adult who has congestive heart failure. Which nursing diagnosis is most likely to be included?
- A. Deficient fluid volume
- B. Impaired verbal communication
- C. Chronic pain
- D. Activity intolerance
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Activity intolerance is common in congestive heart failure due to reduced cardiac output and fatigue. Fluid volume excess, not deficit, is typical, and communication or pain are less likely.
The male client is diagnosed with coronary artery disease (CAD) and is prescribed sublingual nitroglycerin. Which statement indicates the client needs more teaching?
- A. I should keep the tablets in the dark-colored bottle they came in.'
- B. If the tablets do not burn under my tongue, they are not effective.'
- C. I should keep the bottle with me in my pocket at all times.'
- D. If my chest pain is not gone with one tablet, I will go to the ER.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Burning under the tongue (B) is not a reliable indicator of nitroglycerin effectiveness; potency is maintained in a dark bottle (A, C). Persistent pain requires up to 3 doses, not immediate ER (D).
After hearing the nurse's instructions about activity restrictions and the potentially dangerous consequences of certain activities, the client correctly states the importance for avoiding which of the following?
- A. Carrying groceries from the car
- B. Straining during a bowel movement
- C. Bathing in warm water
- D. Having sexual intercourse
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Straining during a bowel movement increases intrathoracic pressure, raising cardiac workload and MI risk.
The client is exhibiting ventricular tachycardia. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?
- A. Administer amiodarone, an antidysrhythmic, IVP.
- B. Prepare to defibrillate the client.
- C. Assess the client's apical pulse and blood pressure.
- D. Start basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ventricular tachycardia requires assessing pulse/BP (C) to determine if it’s pulseless (defibrillation, B) or stable (amiodarone, A). CPR (D) is for pulseless states.