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Burns are commonly seen in child abuse. Approximately 10% of children hospitalized with burns are victims of abuse. Of the following, inflicted burn can be MOST commonly the result of
- A. contact with hot iron
- B. contact with radiators
- C. cigarette application
- D. scalding injuries
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Scalding injuries, often caused by hot liquids, are the most common type of inflicted burns in child abuse due to their accessibility and ease of use.
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Which of the ff is a nursing intervention to ensure that the client is free from injury caused by falls?
- A. Nurse monitors for chest pain and elevated low-density lipoprotein levels
- B. Nurse monitors for swelling and heaviness of legs
- C. Nurse monitors postural changes in BP
- D. Nurse monitors temperature for mild fever
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Monitoring for swelling and heaviness of legs is a nursing intervention that can help prevent falls. Swelling and heaviness of legs could indicate conditions such as edema or circulation problems, which may increase the risk of falls due to impaired mobility and stability. By identifying these signs early on, the nurse can intervene promptly to address the underlying issues and prevent potential falls. This proactive approach aligns with the goal of ensuring the client is free from injury caused by falls. Monitoring for chest pain and elevated low-density lipoprotein levels, postural changes in BP, or mild fever may be important for overall client care but are not directly related to fall prevention.
A 5-year old girl presents to ER with fever, convulsions and unconsciousness of one day duration. On examination she is pale, Glasgow coma scale is 8 and there are no signs of meningial irritation and no focal neurological signs. The most likely diagnosis is:
- A. Viral encephalitis
- B. Pyomeningitis
- C. Tuberculous meningitis
- D. Cerebral malaria
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cerebral malaria can cause fever, seizures, altered consciousness, and normal cerebrospinal fluid findings without focal neurological signs.
When a neurologist asks a patient to smile, which cranial nerve is being tested?
- A. CN II
- B. CN X
- C. CN VII
- D. CN XI
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When a neurologist asks a patient to smile, they are testing the function of the facial nerve, Cranial Nerve VII (CN VII). CN VII controls the muscles of facial expression, including the muscles required for smiling. If there is weakness or paralysis on one side of the face when the patient tries to smile, it may indicate a problem with CN VII function, such as Bell's palsy or a lesion affecting the facial nerve.
The age by which the child can pull to stand, starting to pincer grasp, and plays pat-a-cake is
- A. 6 mo
- B. 7 mo
- C. 8 mo
- D. 9 mo
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: These milestones are typically achieved around 9 months of age.
Although the etiology of hepatoblastoma is unknown, there are many associated risk factors for development of hepatoblastoma EXCEPT
- A. Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
- B. familial adenomatous polyposis syndrome
- C. prematurity
- D. Hepatitis C
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hepatitis C infection is not a recognized risk factor for hepatoblastoma.