Nokea
By the age of 7 months, the infant is able to do all the following EXCEPT
- A. transfer object from hand to hand
- B. actively bounces
- C. uses radial palm grasp
- D. cruises
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cruising typically occurs later, around 9-10 months.
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A 5-year old boy presents with afebrile generalized tonic-clonic seizure lasting for 5 minutes. Previously he was healthy and had no such problem. On examination there is no abnormality. Your plan of management should be:
- A. Start anticonvulsant therapy
- B. Request for an EEG and wait for its report
- C. Request for an EEG and start anticonvulsant therapy immediately
- D. Request for EEG and MRI brain
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In a first-time generalized seizure, an immediate EEG and starting anticonvulsant therapy is prudent to prevent recurrence, especially if the EEG shows epileptiform activity.
Which factor most impacts the type of injury a child is susceptible to, according to the child's age?
- A. Physical health of the child
- B. Developmental level of the child
- C. Educational level of the child
- D. Number of responsible adults in the home
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The developmental level of the child most impacts the type of injury they are susceptible to based on their age. As children grow and develop, their physical abilities, cognitive skills, and understanding of the environment change. Younger children may be more susceptible to injuries related to exploration and lack of awareness of dangerous situations, while older children may be more prone to injuries during physical activities or sports. Understanding the developmental stage of a child is crucial in assessing potential risks and implementing appropriate safety measures to prevent injuries.
The nurse is admitting a child with rheumatic fever. Which therapeutic management should the nurse expect to implement?
- A. Administering penicillin
- B. Avoiding salicylates (aspirin)
- C. Imposing strict bed rest for 4 to 6 weeks
- D. Administering corticosteroids if chorea develops
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Therapeutic management for rheumatic fever includes administering penicillin to eradicate the streptococcal infection, avoiding salicylates (aspirin) to prevent Reye's syndrome, and imposing strict bed rest for the acute phase to decrease cardiac workload and prevent joint complications. Corticosteroids are used if chorea (involuntary movement disorder) develops to reduce inflammation and control symptoms. Therefore, the nurse should expect to administer corticosteroids if chorea develops in a child with rheumatic fever.
The nurse explains to a client that she will administer his first insulin dose in his abdomen. How does absorption at the abdominal site compare to absorption at other sites?
- A. Insulin is absorbed more slowly at abdominal injection sites than at other sites.
- B. Insulin absorbed rapidly regardless of the injection site.
- C. Insulin is absorbed more rapidly at abdominal injection than at other sites.
- D. Insulin is absorbed unpredictably at all injection sites.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Insulin absorption rates can vary depending on the injection site. The abdomen is one of the recommended sites for insulin injection due to its relatively rapid absorption rate compared to other sites such as the upper arm or thigh. Insulin injected into the abdomen is absorbed more quickly because of the larger blood supply in that area, leading to faster onset of action and better blood glucose control. This is why the nurse chose to administer the first insulin dose in the client's abdomen for optimal effectiveness.
A client is admitted to an acute care facility with a tentative diagnosis of hypoparathyroidism. The nurse should monitor the client closely for the related problem of:
- A. Severe hypotension
- B. Profound neuromuscular irritability
- C. Excessive thirst
- D. Acute gastritis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypoparathyroidism is a condition characterized by decreased levels of parathyroid hormone, which can lead to low levels of calcium in the blood (hypocalcemia). Profound neuromuscular irritability is a significant complication of hypocalcemia and is a key concern for clients with hypoparathyroidism. Symptoms can include muscle cramps, tetany, seizures, and decreased cardiac contractility. Monitoring for neuromuscular irritability and promptly addressing low calcium levels are essential in the care of clients with hypoparathyroidism.