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By which of the following actions can the CHN best ensure long-term positive health outcomes in pregnant teens from low-income groups and their children?
- A. Help teen mothers learn about body changes during pregnancy.
- B. Develop programs that enable teen mothers to complete their education.
- C. Offer courses in proper care of babies.
- D. Monitor pregnant teens for early detection of problems in pregnancy.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale A: Incorrect, education on changes is helpful but not the most impactful long-term. Rationale B: Correct, completing education improves socioeconomic status, linked to better health outcomes. Rationale C: Incorrect, baby care is short-term focused. Rationale D: Incorrect, monitoring is secondary prevention, not long-term.
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A client reports that the narcotic she took for pain on a regular basis made her feel bad and that when she tried an alternative analgesic, she experienced withdrawal symptoms. What is this client suffering from?
- A. Drug abuse
- B. Drug addiction
- C. Drug dependence
- D. Substance abuse
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale A: Incorrect, abuse implies misuse, not specified here. Rationale B: Incorrect, addiction includes psychological craving, not evident. Rationale C: Correct, dependence is physical reliance with withdrawal symptoms. Rationale D: Incorrect, substance abuse is broader and not specific.
Being prepared for disasters includes which of the following?
- A. A only
- B. A, B and C
- C. A and B only
- D. B and C only
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale A: Incorrect, too limited; preparedness includes more. Rationale B: Correct, A (lessen effects), B (minimize loss), C (reduce disruption) align with preparedness goals. Rationale C: Incorrect, excludes C which is part of preparedness. Rationale D: Incorrect, excludes A which is key. Note: Options inferred as A: Lessen effects, B: Minimize loss, C: Reduce disruption based on context.
CPR should be performed at a rate of:
- A. 100 to 120 compressions per minute
- B. 50 to 60 compressions per minute
- C. 30 to 40 compressions per minute
- D. 10 to 20 compressions per minute
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale A: Correct, 100–120 is the standard rate. Rationale B: Incorrect, too slow for effective circulation. Rationale C: Incorrect, insufficient rate. Rationale D: Incorrect, far too slow.
What is the ultimate goal of program planning?
- A. Avoiding unanticipated conflicts in the program development phase
- B. Ensuring adequate funding to meet the program's resource requirements
- C. Ensuring that health care services are satisfactory, comparable, effective, and beneficial
- D. Preventing unnecessary duplication of services
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale A: Incorrect, conflict avoidance is a means, not the goal. Rationale B: Incorrect, funding is a resource issue, not the ultimate aim. Rationale C: Correct, effective, beneficial services are the ultimate goal of program planning. Rationale D: Incorrect, duplication prevention is a secondary benefit.
Which level of prevention is a CHN practising when she offers homeless clients yearly tuberculosis (TB) screening and free treatment for those who test positive?
- A. Primary prevention
- B. Secondary prevention
- C. Tertiary prevention
- D. Secondary and tertiary prevention
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Screening (secondary) and treatment (tertiary) (D) address early detection and management, per public health. Primary (A) prevents onset, secondary (B) or tertiary (C) alone are incomplete.