Nokea
Cardiac catheterization therapeutic in
- A. Infundibular pulmonary stenosis
- B. Mitral regurgitation
- C. Aortic stenosis
- D. Transposition of great vessels
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Infundibular pulmonary stenosis can be treated therapeutically with cardiac catheterization.
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The nurse is preparing to administer a dose of digoxin (Lanoxin) to a child in heart failure (HF). Which is a beneficial effect of administering digoxin (Lanoxin)?
- A. It decreases edema.
- B. It decreases cardiac output.
- C. It increases heart size.
- D. It increases venous pressure.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Digoxin has a rapid onset and is useful for increasing cardiac output, decreasing venous pressure, and, as a result, decreasing edema. Cardiac output is increased by digoxin. Heart size and venous pressure are decreased by digoxin.
FISH is helpful in diagnosing:
- A. Prader-Willi syndrome
- B. Di George syndrome
- C. Klinefelter's syndrome
- D. Turner's syndrome
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: FISH (Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization) is particularly useful in diagnosing DiGeorge syndrome, which involves microdeletions on chromosome 22.
Chest pain in pediatric patients often generates a significant amount of parental concern. Of the following, the MOST common cause is
- A. myocarditis
- B. pericarditis
- C. pneumonia
- D. pleurisy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Chest pain in children is most commonly caused by non-cardiac conditions such as pneumonia or pleurisy.
A client with acute renal injury (AKI) who weighs 50 kg and has a potassium level of 6.7 mEq/L (6.7 mmol/l) is admitted to the hospital. Which prescribed medication should the nurse administer first?
- A. Sevelamer (RenaGel) one tablet PO.
- B. Epoetin alfa, recombinant (Epogen) 2,500 units SUBQ
- C. Sodium polystyrene (Kayexalate) 15 grams PO
- D. Calcium acetate (Phos-Lo) one tablet PO
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sodium polystyrene (Kayexalate) helps remove excess potassium, which is the priority concern in AKI with elevated potassium.
Recognised associations of Addison's disease include:
- A. Neurofibromatosis
- B. Phaeochromocytoma
- C. IDDM
- D. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because IDDM (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) is a recognized association of Addison's disease. The other options (a, b, d, e) are less commonly associated.