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Caring for a patient with severe burns should use which technique?
- A. Sterile
- B. Clean
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Caring for severe burns requires sterile technique to prevent infection in exposed tissues that lack normal skin barriers.
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After assisting with a minor surgery in a dermatologist's office, you are asked to clean up the instruments prior to their sterilization. What actions will you take?
- A. Wash them in soapy water and then rinse them with clear water.
- B. Leave hinged instruments open.
- C. Rinse the instruments well with cold or warm water.
- D. Dip each instrument in disinfectant solution.
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Proper cleaning of instruments involves washing them in soapy water to remove debris, rinsing with clear water to remove soap residue, and leaving hinged instruments open to ensure thorough cleaning and sterilization. Dipping in disinfectant is not a standard pre-sterilization step.
On the following diagram, label the parts of the needle and syringe that need to be kept sterile.
- A. Tip of the needle
- B. Barrel of the syringe
- C. Plunger of the syringe
- D. Hub of the needle
- E. Bevel of the needle
- F. Flange of the syringe
- G. Inside of the syringe barrel
Correct Answer: A,D,E,G
Rationale: The tip, hub, bevel of the needle, and the inside of the syringe barrel must be kept sterile as they come into direct contact with the patient's tissues or fluids, preventing infection.
You have put on sterile gloves and want to dispose of the wrapper before you proceed. How will you do this?
- A. Wad up the wrapper into a small ball and toss it toward the trash can without bending over.
- B. Carefully pick up the wrapper in the middle and bend at the waist to ensure that it drops into the trash can.
- C. Use your elbow to nudge the wrapper off of the surface and onto the floor; then you can pick it up later.
- D. Grasp the wrapper in the middle, far away from the unsterile outer margin, and drop it from waist height into the trash can.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: To maintain sterility, grasp the wrapper in the middle with sterile gloves, away from the unsterile outer margin, and drop it into the trash can from waist height to avoid contaminating the sterile field or gloves.
Administering an insulin injection should use which technique?
- A. Sterile
- B. Clean
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Administering an insulin injection requires sterile technique because it involves piercing the skin with a needle, bypassing the body's natural defenses.
Which is true of setting up and adding to a sterile field?
- A. The outer 2-inch margin of the sterile drape is considered unsterile.
- B. If the sterile drape extends below the table surface, the parts below it are considered unsterile.
- C. You may place unsterile items on a sterile field as long as you wear sterile gloves.
- D. You may touch the outer 1 inch of the sterile drape with your bare hand because it is considered unsterile.
- E. A sterile drape with a moisture-proof back is not considered unsterile if it becomes wet.
- F. When pouring sterile liquids into a basin on a sterile field, hold the bottle 12 to 14 inches above the basin.
Correct Answer: B,D
Rationale: The parts of a sterile drape extending below the table surface are considered unsterile, and the outer 1-inch margin of the drape is also unsterile, allowing bare hand contact without contaminating the field. The other options are incorrect as they violate sterile technique principles.