Nokea
Causes of hypertension in a child include:
- A. Long-standing vesico-ureteric reflux
- B. Cushing's syndrome
- C. Addison's disease
- D. Turner's syndrome
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cushing's syndrome, characterized by excessive cortisol levels, is a known cause of secondary hypertension in children.
You may also like to solve these questions
Increased fetal haemoglobin is seen in:
- A. Haemoglobin H disease
- B. β-thalassaemia major
- C. Fanconi's anaemia
- D. Pyruvate kinase deficiency
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Increased fetal haemoglobin (HbF) is a compensatory mechanism in β-thalassaemia major to counteract the reduced production of adult haemoglobin (HbA).
When caring for an 11-month-old infant with dehydration and metabolic acidosis, the nurse expects to see which of the following?
- A. A reduced white blood cell count
- B. A decreased platelet count
- C. Shallow respirations
- D. Tachypnea
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tachypnea is a compensatory mechanism in metabolic acidosis to help expel excess carbon dioxide and correct the acid-base imbalance.
All of the following immune-mediated diseases are associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody, except
- A. Wegener granulomatosis
- B. Churg-Strauss syndrome
- C. Microscopic polyangiitis
- D. Henoch-Schönlein purpura
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Henoch-Schönlein purpura is not associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA); it is an IgA-mediated vasculitis.
A client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has impaired gas exchange from a respiratory infection. Which assessment finding warrants immediate intervention by the nurse?
- A. Elevated temperature
- B. Generalized weakness
- C. Diminished lung sounds
- D. Pain when swallowing
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pain when swallowing could indicate an opportunistic infection such as candidiasis, which requires prompt treatment.
In the electrocardiogram of a 40-year old male, the QRS amplitude in lead I and aVF measured (+) 10 and (-)10mV respectively. The frontal QRS axis is
- A. (+) 15°
- B. (-) 45°
- C. (-) 75°
- D. (-) 90°
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The frontal QRS axis is (-) 45° given the QRS amplitudes in leads I and aVF.