Nokea
Causes of in elderly include loneliness and isolation.
- A. Stress
- B. Depression
- C. Anxiety
- D. Anemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Depression in the elderly is commonly linked to loneliness and isolation, per psychological research.
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You routinely use the PQRST method to assess pain. The PQRST method consists of:
- A. Pain level, the quality of the pain, the region or area of the pain, the severity of the pain, and the pain triggers
- B. Precipitating factors, the quality of the pain, relief factors, the severity of the pain, and the pain triggers
- C. Pain level, the quantitative numerical pain score, the region or area of the pain, the severity of the pain, and the pain triggers
- D. Precipitating factors, the quality of the pain, the region or area of the pain, the severity of the pain, and the pain triggers
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: PQRST (D) stands for Precipitating, Quality, Region, Severity, Timing.
Mr Tan has been visiting the casino on weekends with his friends for the past 6 months, and would stay through the night on Saturdays. He recently returned at dawn in drunken stupor. His wife Mrs Tan relates this problem to you saying that she tries to stop him but he refused. He says he only gambles a fixed amount each session. He works as a technician and does not have problems at work, he says he likes gambling including buying 4D, but has no debt. He spends less and less time with the family and Mrs Tan is very worried. Mr Tan is likely to have problems associated with
- A. Social gambling.
- B. At risk gambling.
- C. Problem gambling.
- D. Pathological gambling.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mr. Tan's behavior shows increased gambling frequency and family concern, but no severe financial or occupational impact, aligning with at-risk gambling.
When discussing sensitive and personal issues with a patient that may involve significant lifestyle changes and treatment issues, how should the patient's family be involved in this process?
- A. The patient's family should always be actively involved in the conversation
- B. The patient's family is not an important participant in the conversation
- C. The physician should always decide whether or not to include the family based on the patient's wishes
- D. The physician should contact the family prior to speaking with the patient
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Respecting patient autonomy, family involvement should align with the patient's preferences.
When a patient does not return for follow-up after several years, what is the most appropriate response if and when he/she does return for medical care?
- A. Confront the patient for not following up
- B. Express disappointment to the patient for not following up
- C. Thank the patient for returning and remain supportive
- D. Refuse to see the patient
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Supportive re-engagement encourages ongoing care without judgment.
Which of the following factors might lead the parents of a Muslim or Arab adolescent patient to initially delay or refuse chemotherapy?
- A. Belief related to Islam
- B. Superstitions about chemotherapy in Arab culture
- C. Desire to consult with extended family members and/or Imam first
- D. Higher prevalence of chemotherapy-related complications among Arabs
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Consulting family and religious leaders is common in Arab culture for major medical decisions.