Nokea
Children develop autonomy between
- A. 0-1 year
- B. 1-3 years
- C. 3-5 years
- D. 5-7 years
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Autonomy vs. shame/doubt (1-3 years, Erikson) builds independence.
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A patient with HIV asks the nurse if thinking about dying frequently is common with HIV. What is an appropriate response by the nurse?
- A. HIV is a serious disease that results in death.'
- B. Thinking about death will not change the prognosis.'
- C. HIV is now considered a chronic disease with treatment.'
- D. HIV has a very high mortality rate, so it is realistic to plan for death.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer C:
1. HIV is now considered a chronic disease with treatment, meaning many individuals can live long and healthy lives with proper medical care.
2. By informing the patient that HIV is a chronic disease, the nurse can provide reassurance and hope.
3. Acknowledging the patient's concerns while highlighting the positive advancements in HIV care can help alleviate anxiety and provide comfort.
Summary of Incorrect Choices:
A: This answer instills fear without providing accurate information about the current state of HIV treatment.
B: This answer dismisses the patient's concerns and does not offer any constructive information or support.
D: This answer is misleading as HIV mortality rates have significantly decreased with advancements in treatment, and planning for death should not be the primary focus for individuals living with HIV.
Amanda’s mobile home was destroyed by a tornado. Amanda received only minor injuries, but is experiencing disabling anxiety in the aftermath of the event. This type of crisis is called:
- A. Crisis resulting from traumatic stress
- B. Maturational/developmental crisis
- C. Dispositional crisis
- D. Crisis of anticipated life transitions
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Crisis resulting from traumatic stress. This is because Amanda's anxiety is a direct result of the traumatic event of her mobile home being destroyed by a tornado. Traumatic stress can lead to emotional and psychological distress, such as anxiety, following a life-threatening or traumatic event.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect:
B: Maturational/developmental crisis refers to crises that arise from normal life transitions or developmental stages. Amanda's situation is not a result of a typical life transition.
C: Dispositional crisis is a result of pre-existing personality characteristics or coping strategies. Amanda’s crisis is not due to her inherent disposition.
D: Crisis of anticipated life transitions involves stress related to expected life changes. Amanda's situation was unexpected due to the tornado and not a planned life transition.
A patient in need of surgery expresses the belief that exposing lung cancer to air during surgery can cause the tumor to spread. What might this belief reflect?
- A. Personal investigation of the mechanisms of cancer spread
- B. General fear of surgery or distrust of the physician
- C. A trust in conventional chemotherapy over surgical treatments
- D. An understanding of the risks and benefits of surgery
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: This reflects a common folk belief tied to fear or mistrust, not scientific reasoning.
Which mode of decisionmaking is prevalent among families of Asian Indian origin?
- A. Individual deliberation
- B. Conscious belief-based deliberation
- C. Instinct-based deliberation
- D. Communal deliberation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Communal decision-making is typical in Asian Indian families, involving multiple members.
During an assessment interview with a newly admitted client, the nurse identifies a sense of anger developing in response to the client's defiant statements. In order to maintain a therapeutic environment, the nurse:
- A. Asks that another nurse continue the assessment.
- B. Identifies for the client the inappropriateness of his statements.
- C. Shares with the client that he appears angry about being admitted.
- D. Postpones the remainder of the interview until the client is more cooperative.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale:
C is correct because it acknowledges the client's emotions without judgment, fostering trust and open communication. It validates the client's feelings and helps explore the underlying issues. A avoids addressing the situation directly. B could escalate the client's defensiveness. D may reinforce the client's behavior by allowing avoidance.