Nokea
Children with ALL who carry poor outcome include all the following EXCEPT
- A. age younger than 1 year and older than 10 year
- B. T-cell immunophenotype
- C. hyperdiploidy chromosomal abnormality
- D. initial leukocyte count of > 50,000
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hyperdiploidy is generally associated with a favorable prognosis in ALL, unlike other listed factors.
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A 10-mo-old boy has a left suprarenal mass. Surgery is accomplished with complete removal of the mass as well as the non-adherent lymph nodes; surgical biopsies are taken during surgery. The histology reveals poorly differentiated neuroblastoma with microscopic ipsilateral lymph nodes involvement. The contralateral lymph nodes are negative. Of the following, the BEST therapeutic approach for this infant is
- A. chemotherapy
- B. radiotherapy
- C. concomitant chemo-radiotherapy
- D. chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Complete resection with microscopic residual disease typically warrants adjuvant chemotherapy.
Which of the following is an intraoperative outcome for a patient undergoing an inguinal hernia repair?
- A. Verbalizes fears
- B. Demonstrates leg exercises
- C. Maintains skin integrity
- D. Explains deep breathing exercises
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Intraoperative outcomes refer to the immediate goals and conditions that are assessed during a surgical procedure. Maintaining skin integrity is a crucial intraoperative outcome for a patient undergoing an inguinal hernia repair surgery. This outcome focuses on ensuring that the patient's skin remains intact, without any damage or breakdown during the surgical procedure. It involves proper positioning of the patient, adequate support to vulnerable areas, and meticulous monitoring of the skin throughout the surgery to prevent any pressure injuries or skin trauma. Other outcomes listed, such as verbalizing fears, demonstrating leg exercises, and explaining breathing exercises, are more pertinent to preoperative or postoperative care rather than intraoperative outcomes.
A client asks the nurse about the four-point gait when partial weight bearing is permitted. What is the nurse's BEST response?
- A. move the right crutch ahead, then follow with the left foot
- B. move both crutches forward together, then swing legs through
- C. move the left crutch and the right foot forward together
- D. move both crutches and the weaker leg forward at the same time
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the four-point gait when partial weight bearing is permitted, the correct technique is to move the right crutch ahead, then follow with the left foot. This technique provides the most stability and support for the individual while allowing for proper weight distribution and balance. Moving the crutches and legs in a coordinated fashion helps prevent falls and ensures the safe ambulation of the client.
Nursing interventions for the child after a cardiac catheterization should include which actions? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Allow ambulation as tolerated.
- B. Monitor vital signs every 2 hours.
- C. Assess the affected extremity for temperature and color.
- D. Check pulses above the catheterization site for equality and symmetry.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Allowing ambulation as tolerated helps promote circulation and prevent complications such as blood clots.
Which of the following statements would be most appropriate when assisting a patient who has the nursing diagnosis ofAltered Thought Process with Persona! Hygiene Needs?
- A. "What would you like to do first, brush your teeth?"
- B. "Where is y our toothbrush?"
- C. "When would you like to have your bath?"
- D. "Would you like to brush your teeth, or do you want me to do it for you? it's good to do things for yourself."
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Option D is the most appropriate statement when assisting a patient with altered thought process and personal hygiene needs. This statement provides the patient with a choice between brushing their teeth independently or having assistance, while also emphasizing the importance of self-care activities. Offering patients choices empowers them and helps maintain their sense of autonomy, even when dealing with altered thought processes. Additionally, encouraging patients to perform activities for themselves can help improve their self-esteem and promote independence.