Nokea
Chorioamnionitis is a maternal infection that is usually associated with:
- A. Prolonged rupture of membranes
- B. Postterm deliveries
- C. Maternal pyelonephritis
- D. Maternal dehydration
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Chorioamnionitis is an inflammation of the chorion and amnion that is generally associated with premature or prolonged rupture of membranes.
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A client with a history of chronic lymphocytic leukemia is admitted with complaints of lymphadenopathy. The nurse should give priority to:
- A. Monitoring for infection
- B. Administering pain medication
- C. Monitoring blood pressure
- D. Administering chemotherapy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lymphadenopathy in chronic lymphocytic leukemia increases infection risk, so monitoring for infection is the priority.
A client has consented to have a central venous catheter placed. The best position in which to place the client is the Trendelenburg position. The reason is that the Trendelenburg position:
- A. Allows the physician to visualize the subclavian vein
- B. Reduces the possibility of air embolism
- C. Reduces the possibility of hematoma formation
- D. Makes the procedure more comfortable for the client
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Trendelenburg position reduces air embolism risk by increasing central venous pressure and distending veins for easier catheter insertion.
A 30-year-old client in the third trimester of her pregnancy asks the nurse for advice about upper respiratory discomforts. She complains of nasal stuffiness and epistaxis, most noticeable on the left side. Which reply by the nurse is correct?
- A. It sounds as though you are coming down with a bad cold. I'll ask the doctor to prescribe a decongestant for relief of symptoms.'
- B. A good vaporizer will help; avoid the cool air kind. Also, try saline nose drops, and spend less time on your left side.'
- C. These discomforts are all a result of increased blood supply; one of the pregnancy hormones, estrogen, causes them.'
- D. This is most unusual. I'm sure your obstetrician will want you to see an ENT (ear, nose, throat) specialist.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Decongestants may exaggerate the nasal stuffiness associated with pregnancy. Judicious use of decongestants and nasal sprays is advocated during pregnancy. Cool air vaporizers and saline drops may help to relieve the nasal stuffiness. Positioning on either lateral side does not decrease nasal stuffiness or prevent epistaxis. Increased estrogen levels result in nasal mucosa edema with subsequent nasal stuffiness. Estrogen also promotes vasodilation, which contributes to epistaxis. The nurse may recommend cool air vaporizers and saline drops to help with the nasal stuffiness. Increased estrogen levels result in nasal mucosa edema with subsequent nasal stuffiness. Estrogen also promotes vasodilation discomforts associated with pregnancy.
The nurse knows that children are more susceptible to respiratory tract infections owing to physiological differences. These childhood differences, adverts an adult, include:
- A. Fewer alveoli, slower respiratory rate
- B. Diaphragmatic breathing, larger volume of air
- C. Larger number of alveoli, diaphragmatic breathing
- D. Rounded shape of chest, smaller volume of air
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Although a child has fewer alveoli than an adult, the child's respiratory rate is faster. Although a child may use diaphragmatic breathing, the adult exchanges a larger volume of air. The adult has a larger number of alveoli than a child. The child's chest is rounded whereas the adult chest is more of an oval shape, and the child does exchange a smaller volume of air than an adult.
A client is admitted with sickle cell crises and sequestration. Upon assessing the client, the nurse would expect to find:
- A. Decreased blood pressure
- B. Moist mucus membranes
- C. Decreased respirations
- D. Increased blood pressure
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sickle cell crisis with sequestration can lead to hypovolemia due to blood pooling in organs, resulting in decreased blood pressure.