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Clients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) may exhibit what sign or symptom?
- A. Fear of situations in which they may capture the attention of others
- B. Delayed anxiety response
- C. Psychic numbing
- D. Performing ritualistic behaviors
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Clients with OCD may feel compelled to perform the same act repeatedly for a specific number of times or in a prescribed sequence and acknowledge performing ritualistic behaviors. Persons with social phobia experience fear of situations in which they may capture the attention of others. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a condition that involves a delayed anxiety response. Initially, the affected person avoids dealing with the tragedy and detaches from others using a technique that is referred to as psychic numbing.
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Which of the following is a behavioral manifestation of panic anxiety?
- A. Tense muscles
- B. Narrowed perception
- C. Fragmented thoughts
- D. Intact reality
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fragmented thoughts are a manifestation of panic anxiety. The presence of muscle tenseness is a physical manifestation. In moderate anxiety, perception narrows; in mild anxiety, reality is intact.
The client is brought to the emergency department with complaint of chest pain, rapid breathing, and palpitations. Cardiovascular event is ruled out, and the client is diagnosed with acute panic attack. The client seems embarrassed and states, 'I thought I was going to die.' Which is the best response from the nurse?
- A. It must have been frightening for you.
- B. Chest pain should always be evaluated.
- C. We would not let you die.
- D. But you are okay now.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: It must have been frightening' is an empathetic statement that validates the feelings of the client and acknowledges the symptoms experienced. This is a therapeutic response and conveys respect, self-worth, and caring. Chest pain should always be evaluated, but this comment is factual not emotionally supportive. Other statements are not indicated as therapeutic or caring.
A client who is a nursing student reports increased anxiety with test iniziative. Which behavioral technique is most appropriate for this client to put into practice?
- A. Write 'I can do this' on an index card and place in view.
- B. Use breathing techniques to reduce anxiety.
- C. Use meditation prior to exams.
- D. Participate in a study group and prepare well before exams.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Behavioral therapy is used to coach a client to engage in some form of distraction or perform relaxation or breathing exercises to overcome symptoms. Teaching the student how to use breathing techniques can be helpful during stress-inducing exams. Writing 'I can do this' on a card is a form of cognitive therapy and provides positive thinking. Use of meditation can be helpful in the management of generalized anxiety but is not practical in a classroom setting. Studying and preparing for exams is expected but is not a behavioral technique that is helpful during test-taking events.
The Beer's List is helpful in providing the nurse with a quick reference on potential risks and benefits for which likely group of clients?
- A. Infants and children
- B. Older adults
- C. Chemically dependent
- D. Complex medical problem clients
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Beer's criterion has been used to identify drugs that may be inappropriately prescribed, ineffective, or cause adverse drug reactions in older adult clients. The Beer's criteria are very useful and help determine risk-associated situations for older adults and specific drugs that may be problematic. Chemical dependency and complex medical problems are not a consideration.
What is another name for the drug classification known as minor tranquilizers?
- A. Beta-blockers
- B. Anxiolytics
- C. Antidepressants
- D. Central-acting sympatholytics
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Anxiolytics are drugs that relieve the symptoms of anxiety. They are sometimes referred to as minor tranquilizers. The other choices are not alternative names for minor tranquilizers.