Nokea
Complement system:
- A. Is activated by bacterial endotoxins by the classical pathway
- B. Reduced C3 and C4 are usual findings in acute glomerulonephritis
- C. Hereditary angioneurotic oedema is caused by deficiency of one of the components of the classical pathway of the system
- D. Is part of humoral immunity
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The complement system is a key component of humoral immunity, playing a role in the immune response to pathogens.
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A 12-month-old child who had repair of a congenital heart defect at 8 months of age has a normal exam and is not taking any medications. The nurse practitioner will contact the child's cardiologist to discuss whether the child needs which medication?
- A. Amoxicillin
- B. Capoten
- C. Digoxin
- D. Furosemide
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Children who have had complete repair of congenital heart defect (CHD) should have subacute bacterial endocarditis (SBE) prophylaxis with amoxicillin for 6 months after the procedure.
Closure of the ductus will worsen following conditions
- A. Transposition of great vessels
- B. Tricuspid Atresia
- C. Hypoplastic Left heart syndrome
- D. Tetrology of Fallots
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Closure of the ductus arteriosus worsens hypoplastic left heart syndrome by removing the only source of systemic circulation.
Paroxysmal hypercyanotic attacks (hypoxic, blue, or tet spells) are a particular problem during the lst 2 yr of life. They are characterized by
- A. early evening occurrence
- B. an increase in intensity of the systolic murmur
- C. unpredictable onset
- D. metabolic alkalosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Unpredictable onset and metabolic alkalosis are common features of tet spells.
What information should the nurse include in the teaching plan of a client diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?
- A. Sleep without pillows at night to maintain neck alignment.
- B. Adjust food intake to three full meals per day and no snacks.
- C. Minimize symptoms by wearing loose, comfortable clothing
- D. Avoid participation in any aerobic exercise programs
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Loose clothing reduces pressure on the abdomen, which can help minimize GERD symptoms.
The nurse determines that a client who arrives in the preoperative holding area before surgery is allergic to bananas. Which action should the nurse implement prior to taking the client into the operative area?
- A. Replace latex-containing devices in the OR with alternate synthetic materials
- B. Administer an antihistamine before surgery.
- C. Notify the surgeon about the client's allergy to bananas.
- D. Prepare to administer an epinephrine injection during surgery
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Banana allergy is associated with latex allergy. Replacing latex-containing devices prevents potential allergic reactions during surgery.