Nokea
Complementary alternative medicine (CAM) is gaining popularity in Western society because: (select all that apply)
- A. consumers want knowledgeable, trained physicians to control their care.
- B. CAM consumers want personalized health care.
- C. quantity, rather than quality, of life is most important in Western society.
- D. consumers have access to evidence that support CAMs.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: CAM consumers want personalized health care. This is because CAM focuses on holistic and individualized approaches to health, addressing not just symptoms but underlying causes. Consumers seek CAM for tailored treatments and a more patient-centered approach.
Choice A is incorrect because CAM often involves practitioners who may not be traditional physicians. Choice C is incorrect as quality of life, rather than just quantity, is increasingly valued in Western society. Choice D is incorrect because although there is some evidence supporting CAM, it is not always readily accessible or universally accepted.
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Which statement made by an RN regarding delegation indicates the need for additional teaching? (select all that apply)
- A. Unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) can assess vital signs during the first 5 minutes for a patient who is receiving a blood transfusion because a reaction at this time is unlikely.
- B. An LPN/LVN can administer a PPD (tuberculin skin test) if there is no history of a positive PPD.
- C. When dopamine is ordered continuously, the LPN/LVN can administer dopamine at a low dose for the purpose of increasing renal perfusion.
- D. UAPs can transfer a patient who is being discharged home from the wheelchair to the bed if they have received training and demonstrated competency.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Delegating the assessment of vital signs during the first 5 minutes of a blood transfusion to UAPs is not appropriate. This is because a reaction can occur within the first few minutes of a blood transfusion, making it crucial for a registered nurse to assess the patient during this critical period. UAPs do not have the education or training to recognize and manage potential adverse reactions promptly.
Choice B is incorrect because an LPN/LVN can indeed administer a PPD if there is no history of a positive result. Choice C is incorrect because LPN/LVNs should not administer medications that have a high potential for adverse effects, such as dopamine. Choice D is incorrect as transferring a patient who is being discharged home requires skilled nursing assessment and intervention, not just training in transferring techniques.
The crisis communication officer may first inform the public or health care facility of a disaster or an act of terrorism. This representative has the responsibility to:
- A. contain the facts to within the administration group.
- B. incite the public to quickly take cover and obtain emergency supplies.
- C. provide understandable and straightforward facts about the event within the facility and possibly to the news media.
- D. inform the public that no information can be released until it has been confirmed by state and federal agencies.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because the crisis communication officer's primary responsibility is to provide clear and factual information about the event within the facility and potentially to the news media. This helps to ensure transparency, maintain credibility, and prevent misinformation. Choice A is incorrect as containing facts within the administration group limits transparency. Choice B is incorrect as inciting panic is counterproductive. Choice D is incorrect as withholding information until confirmed by state and federal agencies may lead to unnecessary delays in communication.
A nurse asks, "What is meant by 'internal' customers?" The correct response is: (select all that apply)
- A. insurance companies
- B. accreditors such as The Joint Commission
- C. X-ray technicians
- D. clinical pharmacist
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: X-ray technicians. Internal customers refer to individuals or departments within the same organization who rely on each other's services to fulfill their roles effectively. X-ray technicians work within the healthcare facility and depend on other staff like nurses for patient care coordination. Insurance companies (A) and accreditors (B) are external entities. Clinical pharmacists (D) are also internal, but X-ray technicians have a direct service-dependency relationship with nurses in healthcare settings, making them the most relevant internal customers in this context.
Nurses on a unit met with the nurse manager as part of participatory budgeting. They ask, "What exactly is the difference between fixed and variable costs? Understanding this will help us better understand the budgeting process." The manager provides a definition and asks the staff to list types of direct and indirect cost. Which example would indicate a need for further teaching?
- A. Fixed costs would include accreditation fees.
- B. Fixed cost would include the cost for the automated medication-dispensing system.
- C. Variable cost would include the nurse manager's salary.
- D. Variable cost would include the salary expense for registered nurses.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because the nurse manager's salary is typically considered a fixed cost, not a variable cost. Fixed costs remain constant regardless of the level of production or activity, while variable costs change in direct proportion to the level of activity. The nurse manager's salary is a fixed cost because it remains the same regardless of how many nurses are employed or how many patients are being cared for.
A: Fixed costs such as accreditation fees are correct examples.
B: Fixed costs like the cost for the automated medication-dispensing system are also correct examples.
D: Variable costs like the salary expense for registered nurses are correct examples.
Therefore, choice C would indicate a need for further teaching as it misidentifies the nurse manager's salary as a variable cost when it should be classified as a fixed cost.
When assessing an ethical issue, the nurse must first:
- A. ask, "What is the issue?"
- B. identify all possible alternatives.
- C. select the best option from a list of alternatives.
- D. justify the choice of action or inaction.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because before addressing any ethical issue, it is vital to first identify and define the issue clearly. This helps in understanding the context and scope of the problem. Without knowing the specific ethical issue at hand, it is impossible to proceed with identifying alternatives, selecting the best option, or justifying the choice of action. Therefore, asking "What is the issue?" is the initial step in the ethical decision-making process.
Summary:
- Option B is incorrect because identifying alternatives comes after defining the issue.
- Option C is incorrect as selecting the best option should be based on a clear understanding of the issue.
- Option D is incorrect as justifying actions or inactions should come after determining the ethical problem.