Gastrointestinal NCLEX RN Questions

Gastrointestinal NCLEX RN Questions Related

Review Gastrointestinal NCLEX RN Questions related questions and content

The following scenario applies to the next 1 items.
The nurse is caring for a 44-year-old male with abdominal pain and persistent nausea/vomiting.
Item 1 of 1
History of Present Illness
Abdominal pain that started one day ago following heavy alcohol use. The pain is localized to the epigastric region. Persistent nausea and vomiting were reported. Physical exam showed ecchymosis around the umbilicus and tenderness upon palpation.

Vital Signs
• Oral temperature 99.0° F (37° C)
• Pulse 119
• Respirations 22
• BP 90/58
• Pulse oximetry 95% on room air

Complete the diagram by dragging from the choices below to specify what condition the client is most likely experiencing, two priority actions the nurse should take to address that condition, and two priority parameters the nurse should monitor to assess the client's progress.

  • A. Obtain a prescription of 0.9% saline bolus, Inquire about the clients alcohol drinking habits, Obtain a prescription for regular insulin, Establish peripheral intravenous (IV) access, Transport the client for an abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan.
  • B. Acute Pancreatitis, Peptic Ulcer Disease, Diverticulitis, Peritonitis, Gastroenteritis.
  • C. Level of Consciousness (LOC), Bowel Sounds, Vital Signs, Serum Glucose Level, Daily Weights.
Correct Answer: B: Acute Pancreatitis; A: Obtain a prescription of 0.9% saline bolus, Establish peripheral IV access; C: Vital Signs, Level of Consciousness

Rationale: Epigastric pain, nausea/vomiting, and periumbilical ecchymosis suggest acute pancreatitis (B). Saline bolus and IV access (A) address hypovolemia. Monitoring vital signs and LOC (C) tracks hemodynamic stability and complications.

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The nurse is teaching a client about the newly prescribed medication, esomeprazole. Which statements, if made by the client, would require further teaching? Select all that apply.

  • A. I should take this medication with meals.
  • B. Long term use of this medication may increase my risk for osteoporosis.
  • C. The medication will coat my ulcer so I can eat without pain.
  • D. I will need frequent laboratory tests while taking this medication.
  • E. I may need to take magnesium supplements while on this medication.
Correct Answer: A,C,D

Rationale: Esomeprazole should be taken before meals, not with them; it reduces acid but does not coat ulcers; and routine lab tests are not typically required. Osteoporosis risk and magnesium supplementation are valid concerns.

The nurse is screening individuals at risk for gastric cancer. It would be appropriate for the nurse to identify which of the following as a risk factor for gastric cancer?

  • A. Irritable bowel syndrome
  • B. Duodenal ulcer
  • C. Chronic gastritis
  • D. Sickle cell anemia
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Chronic gastritis (C), often caused by H. pylori, is a known risk factor for gastric cancer. The other options are not directly associated.

The nurse plans a staff developmental conference on total parenteral nutrition (TPN). It would be appropriate for the nurse to identify which indications for using TPN?

  • A. Appendicitis
  • B. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
  • C. Diverticulosis
  • D. Pancreatitis
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: TPN is indicated for pancreatitis when oral intake is not possible due to severe inflammation. Appendicitis, GERD, and diverticulosis typically do not require TPN, as oral or enteral nutrition is often feasible.

The nurse cares for a client who had a liver transplant 48 hours ago. It would be a priority for the nurse to notify the healthcare provider (HCP) if the client has

  • A. An increase in oral temperature from 97.8°F (36.6°C) to 98.6°F (37°C).
  • B. Rising aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels.
  • C. A moderate amount of serosanguinous drainage to the incision.
  • D. Nausea following the administration of oral pain medication.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Rising AST and ALT levels (B) indicate possible liver graft dysfunction or rejection, a critical finding requiring immediate HCP notification post-transplant.

The nurse is caring for a client who is newly prescribed cimetidine. The nurse understands that this medication is prescribed to treat which condition?

  • A. Cystic fibrosis
  • B. Clostridium difficile
  • C. H. pylori infection
  • D. Crohn’s disease
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Cimetidine, an H2 receptor blocker, is used in H. pylori infection to reduce gastric acid, aiding in ulcer healing alongside antibiotics. It is not indicated for cystic fibrosis, C. difficile, or Crohn’s disease.

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