Nokea
Contributing features to renal osteodystrophy include:
- A. Hypophosphataemia
- B. Hyperparathyroidism
- C. Increased loss of calcium in the kidney
- D. Hypoalbuminaemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hyperparathyroidism is a key contributor to renal osteodystrophy due to secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic kidney disease.
You may also like to solve these questions
Can parents hold their child during an echocardiogram procedure?
- A. You will be able to hold your child during the procedure.
- B. Your child can be active during the procedure, but can’t sit in your lap.
- C. Your child must lie quietly; sometimes a mild sedative is administered before the procedure.
- D. The procedure is invasive so your child will be restrained during the echocardiogram.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Although an echocardiogram is noninvasive, painless, and associated with no known side effects, it can be stressful for children. The child must lie quietly in the standard echocardiographic positions; crying, nursing, or sitting up often leads to diagnostic errors or omissions. Therefore, infants and young children may need a mild sedative; older children benefit from psychological preparation for the test. The distraction of a video or movie is often helpful.
The nurse is assessing a child with acute otitis media. Which finding should the nurse expect?
- A. Bilateral eye discharge and fever
- B. A bulging, red tympanic membrane
- C. Nasal congestion and headache
- D. Persistent cough and sore throat
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Acute otitis media typically presents with a bulging, red tympanic membrane due to fluid accumulation and infection.
ECG
- A. Bifid P waves in large VSD
- B. Complete Ht block in cyanotic attacks of fallots
- C. RBBB in Ebstein anomaly
- D. Right axis deviation in tricuspid atresia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In Ebstein's anomaly, right bundle branch block (RBBB) is commonly seen on ECG.
All patients with clinical evidence of a PDA are at increased risk for endocarditis. As a result, patients with PDA should be considered for irreversible closure EXCEPT
- A. small, hemodynamically insignificant PDA
- B. small, hemodynamically significant PDA
- C. moderate PDA
- D. large PDA
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Small, hemodynamically insignificant PDAs may not require closure.
An infant is experiencing dyspnea related to patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). What does the nurse understand regarding why dyspnea occurs?
- A. Blood is circulated through the lungs again, causing pulmonary circulatory congestion.
- B. Blood is shunted past the pulmonary circulation, causing pulmonary hypoxia.
- C. Blood is shunted past cardiac arteries, causing myocardial hypoxia.
- D. Blood is circulated through the ductus from the pulmonary artery to the aorta, bypassing the left side of the heart.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When PDA is present, oxygenated blood recycles through the lungs, overburdening the pulmonary circulation.