Nokea
Coxsackie viruses are implicated in:
- A. Herpangina
- B. Dermatitis herpetiformis
- C. Meningitis
- D. Orchitis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Coxsackie viruses are a common cause of herpangina. They can also cause meningitis and orchitis, but dermatitis herpetiformis is not associated with Coxsackie viruses.
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Acetazolamide:
- A. Is used in the management of renal tubular acidosis
- B. Causes hypokalaemia
- C. Is usually given intravenously
- D. Inhibits the action of carbonic anhydrase
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Inhibits the action of carbonic anhydrase: Acetazolamide works by inhibiting carbonic anhydrase, reducing the reabsorption of bicarbonate in the kidneys and helping with conditions like glaucoma, metabolic alkalosis, and altitude sickness.
Among the following Group A beta hemolytic streptococcus has the highest resistance to
- A. Cephalexin
- B. Clindamycin
- C. Erythromycin
- D. Doxycycline
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Group A beta hemolytic streptococcus has shown the highest resistance to erythromycin.
Regarding fluid and electrolyte homeostasis in a child:
- A. Normal maintenance requirement in a child weighing 20 kg is 1.5 litre/day
- B. A fluid deficit of 50ml/kg produces a body weight loss of 10%
- C. Hypotension is a useful sign ,which indicates moderate dehydration
- D. Normal maintenance needs of sodium are 5-6mmol/kg/day
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A fluid deficit of 50ml/kg producing a 10% body weight loss is a well-established clinical guideline for assessing dehydration in children. Hypotension is a late sign of severe dehydration, not moderate dehydration.
During preoperative teaching for a male client scheduled for repair of an inguinal hernia, the client tells the nurse that he has had several surgeries and understands the need to perform coughing and deep breathing exercises after surgery. How should the nurse respond?
- A. Ask for a demonstration of these exercises
- B. Explain that coughing should be avoided
- C. Review the client’s previous surgical history
- D. Document the client's understanding of teaching
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Asking for a demonstration ensures that the client understands the proper technique for coughing and deep breathing exercises.
Drug combinations recommended to be avoided include all, except
- A. Metronidazole and Warfarin
- B. Furosemide and Gentamicin
- C. Dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers and beta blockers
- D. Omega-3 and Antiplatelets
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Omega-3 and antiplatelets are not typically a contraindicated combination.