Nokea
Cushing's disease is manifested by the excessive secretion of corticosteroids. The hormones involved are:
- A. Glucocorticoids and aldosterone.
- B. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).
- C. Glucocorticoids, aldosterone, and androgens.
- D. Catecholamines.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cushing's disease involves excess glucocorticoids, aldosterone, and androgens due to adrenal hypersecretion.
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The nurse is suctioning a client who had a laryngectomy. What is the maximum amount of time the nurse should suction the client?
- A. 10 seconds.
- B. 15 seconds.
- C. 25 seconds.
- D. 30 seconds.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Suctioning for no more than 15 seconds prevents hypoxia and trauma to the airway. Longer durations risk oxygen deprivation.
The nurse should caution sexually active female clients taking isoniazid (INH) that the drug has which of the following effects?
- A. Increases the risk of vaginal infection.
- B. Has mutagenic effects on ova.
- C. Decreases the effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives.
- D. Inhibits ovulation.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Isoniazid induces liver enzymes, potentially reducing the effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives. It does not increase vaginal infection risk, affect ova, or inhibit ovulation.
A severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic is suspected in a community of 10,000 people. As clients with SARS are admitted to the hospital, what type of precautions should the nurse institute?
- A. Historic precautions.
- B. Hand-washing precautions.
- C. Reverse isolation.
- D. Standard precautions.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: SARS requires standard precautions plus airborne and contact precautions, but standard precautions are the baseline for all patients to prevent transmission.
A client is brought to the emergency department unconscious. An empty bottle of aspirin was found in his car, and a drug overdose is suspected. Which of the following medications should the nurse have available for further emergency treatment?
- A. Vitamin K.
- B. Dextrose 50%.
- C. Activated charcoal powder.
- D. Sodium thiosulfate.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Activated charcoal is used to adsorb aspirin in the stomach, reducing absorption in an overdose. Vitamin K is for anticoagulant reversal, dextrose for hypoglycemia, and sodium thiosulfate for cyanide poisoning.
The nurse is caring for a client who is receiving prescribed aspirin. Which of the following findings would indicate the client is having an adverse effect?
- A. Polyuria
- B. Hypokalemia
- C. Venous thromboembolism
- D. Black, tarry stools
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Black, tarry stools indicate gastrointestinal bleeding, a serious adverse effect of aspirin due to its antiplatelet and irritant properties.