TEAS Test 7 science

TEAS Test 7 science Related

Review TEAS Test 7 science related questions and content

Describe the mechanism by which genes are transmitted from parents to offspring.

  • A. Blending of parental genes, resulting in an average of their traits.
  • B. Random assortment of alleles during meiosis, leading to unique combinations in each offspring.
  • C. Inheritance of solely dominant alleles, masking the influence of recessive ones.
  • D. Direct transfer of both parental genomes, creating identical copies of the parents.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A) Blending of parental genes, resulting in an average of their traits, is not an accurate description of how genes are transmitted. In reality, genes are not blended but rather passed down in discrete units.
B) Random assortment of alleles during meiosis is the correct mechanism by which genes are transmitted from parents to offspring. During meiosis, homologous chromosomes separate, and alleles are randomly distributed to the gametes, leading to unique combinations of genes in each offspring.
C) Inheritance of solely dominant alleles, masking the influence of recessive ones, is not an accurate representation of gene transmission. Offspring inherit alleles from both parents, and the expression of dominant or recessive traits depends on the specific combination of alleles.
D) Direct transfer of both parental genomes, creating identical copies of the parents, is not how genes are transmitted. Offspring inherit a unique combination

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Through which part of the digestive system are nutrients absorbed into the bloodstream?

  • A. Stomach
  • B. Large intestine
  • C. Small intestine
  • D. Esophagus
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The small intestine is the primary site of nutrient absorption in the digestive system. It is where the majority of digestion and absorption of nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats occurs. The inner lining of the small intestine is covered in tiny finger-like projections called villi, which increase the surface area available for absorption. Nutrients are absorbed through the walls of the small intestine and into the bloodstream to be transported to cells throughout the body. The stomach's main role is to break down food through the action of stomach acids and enzymes but does not absorb nutrients. The large intestine primarily absorbs water and electrolytes from the remaining indigestible food matter, and the esophagus is a muscular tube that transports food from the mouth to the stomach, without being involved in nutrient absorption.

Which structure in the respiratory system serves as a passageway for both air and food, with a flap-like structure that prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing?

  • A. Larynx
  • B. Pharynx
  • C. Trachea
  • D. Bronchi
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The pharynx is the correct answer. The pharynx is a structure in the respiratory system that serves as a passageway for both air and food. It contains a flap-like structure called the epiglottis, which prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing by covering the opening to the trachea. The larynx, although important in the respiratory system, is located below the pharynx and contains the vocal cords. The trachea is a tube that carries air to and from the lungs, while the bronchi are the two main branches that lead from the trachea into the lungs.

What is the role of RNA in the regulation of gene expression?

  • A. Provides energy for the process
  • B. Controls the timing and location of protein synthesis
  • C. Translates the genetic code into amino acids
  • D. Stores genetic information
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A) RNA does not provide energy for the process of gene expression. Energy is typically provided by molecules like ATP. B) RNA plays a crucial role in controlling the timing and location of protein synthesis through processes like transcriptional regulation, RNA splicing, and post-transcriptional modifications. It helps determine when and where specific proteins are produced in the cell. C) While mRNA translates the genetic code into amino acids during the process of translation, this is not the primary role of RNA in the regulation of gene expression. D) RNA does not store genetic information in the same way that DNA does. DNA is the molecule responsible for storing genetic information in the form of genes. Therefore, option B is the most appropriate choice as it accurately describes the role of RNA in regulating gene expression.

Which part of the brain is responsible for balance and coordination?

  • A. Cerebellum
  • B. Cerebrum
  • C. Hypothalamus
  • D. Thalamus
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is the cerebellum. It plays a vital role in balance and coordination by controlling motor functions, precision, and timing of movements. The cerebrum is primarily involved in higher brain functions such as thinking and problem-solving. The hypothalamus regulates essential bodily functions like temperature and hunger, while the thalamus serves as a relay station for sensory information, directing it to the appropriate areas of the brain for processing.

What functional group is present in ethers?

  • A. Hydroxyl
  • B. Carbonyl
  • C. Ether
  • D. Amine
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The functional group present in ethers is -O-, representing an oxygen atom bonded to two alkyl or aryl groups. Therefore, choice C, 'Ether,' is the correct answer. Choices A, B, and D refer to different functional groups: hydroxyl (-OH), carbonyl (C=O), and amine (NH2), respectively, which are not present in ethers. Ethers are characterized by the oxygen atom bonded to two carbon groups, distinguishing them from the other functional groups mentioned in the choices.

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