Nokea
Diamond Blackfan anemia is different from Transient Erythroblastopenia of Childhood as the former has
- A. Increased adenosine deaminase
- B. Mean corpuscular volume is decreased
- C. Female predominance
- D. Antecedent history of viral illness
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Diamond Blackfan anemia is characterized by increased adenosine deaminase activity, unlike Transient Erythroblastopenia of Childhood.
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In a cyanotic spell of TOF
- A. Systemic vascular resistance is reduced
- B. Murmur disappear
- C. PO2 is reduced
- D. Right to Left shunt is Increased
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: During a cyanotic spell in Tetralogy of Fallot, there is an increased right-to-left shunting through the ventricular septal defect.
All of the following are minor criteria in the latest Revised Jones criteria for rheumatic fever in moderate-high risk population except
- A. Monoarthalgia
- B. Fever with body temperature ≥ 38.5°C
- C. ESR 230 mm/hour
- D. Prolonged PR interval
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: ESR 230 mm/hour is not a minor criterion in the Revised Jones criteria for rheumatic fever.
Depending on the frequency and severity of hypercyanotic attacks in tetralogy of Fallot, all the following procedures are true EXCEPT
- A. placement of the infant in the knee-chest position
- B. administration of oxygen
- C. injection of morphine subcutaneously
- D. rapid correction with intravenous sodium bicarbonate
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Intravenous sodium bicarbonate is not typically used for hypercyanotic attacks.
Acute laryngotracheobronchitis in children:
- A. Needs to be treated by broad-spectrum antibiotics
- B. Humidified oxygen by tent needs to be administered in infancy
- C. Dexamethasone is known to shorten the duration of illness
- D. Adrenaline by nebuliser is absolutely contraindicated
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dexamethasone, a corticosteroid, is known to reduce inflammation and shorten the duration of illness in acute laryngotracheobronchitis (croup).
Of the following, the cyanotic cardiac lesion with decreased pulmonary blood flow is
- A. transposition of the great vessels
- B. single ventricle
- C. truncus arteriosus
- D. tricuspid atresia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tricuspid atresia results in decreased pulmonary blood flow due to lack of right ventricular input.