Nokea
Diphenoxylate hydrochloride with atropine sulfate (Lomotil) is prescribed for a client. The nurse knows that the drug is prescribed for which of these problems the client has?
- A. Diarrhea
- B. Hypertension
- C. Depression
- D. Tachycardia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lomotil is an antidiarrheal, slowing intestinal motility to reduce diarrhea.
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A female client seen in the health department's STD clinic is diagnosed with chlamydia. Before the client leaves the clinic, the nurse should:
- A. Obtain the names and addresses of the client's sexual contacts.
- B. Tell the client to avoid alcohol while taking her prescription for Flagyl.
- C. Instruct the client to avoid sexual relations until the infection is resolved.
- D. Tell the client to douche after sexual intercourse.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Avoiding sexual relations prevents chlamydia spread until treatment is complete. Contact tracing is secondary, Flagyl is for trichomoniasis, and douching is harmful.
The nurse is talking with the parent of a 22-month-old client. The parent states, 'I am worried about my child's thumb-sucking and its effects on tooth alignment.' Which of the following responses would be appropriate for the nurse to make? Select all that apply.
- A. Newer research demonstrates that thumb-sucking has little effect on a child's dentition.'
- B. Offer a security item such as a blanket to help your child self-soothe without thumb-sucking.'
- C. Provide positive reinforcement such as a sticker chart when your child avoids thumb-sucking.'
- D. The likelihood of needing braces because of thumb-sucking is significant when the behavior persists beyond 12 months of age.'
- E. The risk of malocclusion increases when thumb-sucking persists beyond the eruption of permanent teeth.'
Correct Answer: B, C, E
Rationale: Offering a security item (B), positive reinforcement (C), and noting malocclusion risk after permanent teeth erupt (E) are appropriate. Thumb-sucking has minimal effect before permanent teeth (A), and braces after 12 months (D) is exaggerated.
A very tall, heavy-set man is admitted. The nurse is taking vital signs. Which statement is correct concerning taking the blood pressure?
- A. 10 mm should be added to each reading to compensate for the cuff size.
- B. 15 mm should be subtracted from the systolic reading, and 10 mm should be subtracted from the diastolic reading.
- C. An extra-large cuff is needed to obtain an accurate measurement.
- D. The client should lie down before the blood pressure is taken.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An extra-large cuff ensures accurate blood pressure measurement in large individuals; a standard cuff falsely elevates readings. Adjusting readings or lying down is unnecessary.
The nurse reinforces teaching about methotrexate to a client with rheumatoid arthritis. It is most important to address which topic regarding this drug?
- A. Need for an eye examination
- B. Need for sunblock
- C. Risk for infection
- D. Risk for kidney injury
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Methotrexate suppresses the immune system, significantly increasing the risk for infection (C). This is a critical teaching point to ensure the client takes precautions. Eye exams (A), sunblock (B), and kidney injury (D) are less directly associated with methotrexate's primary risks.
The nurse is assisting the physician with an examination of a client with Addison's disease. During the examination, the nurse will note which change in the client's integumentary system?
- A. Edema of the hands and feet
- B. Hirsutism
- C. Bronze pigmentation
- D. Pendulous abdomen
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Addison's disease causes bronze pigmentation due to increased ACTH. Edema , hirsutism , and pendulous abdomen are not typical.