Reproductive Health Exam Questions And Answers

Reproductive Health Exam Questions And Answers Related

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Discuss the anatomical/physiological changes in pregnancy under the following: Haematological system

  • A. Blood volume and plasma volume increase, red blood cells increase, erythropoietin levels decrease, and leukocyte count increases.
  • B. Blood volume and plasma volume decrease, and red blood cells decrease.
  • C. No changes occur in the haematological system during pregnancy.
  • D. Platelet count remains constant, and no change in coagulation factors.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: During pregnancy, the haematological system undergoes changes to support the growing fetus. Blood volume and plasma volume increase to accommodate the needs of the developing baby. Red blood cells increase to support the increased oxygen demand. Contrary to the statement, erythropoietin levels actually increase to stimulate red blood cell production. Additionally, leukocyte count increases to help the mother's immune system cope with the changes during pregnancy. Choice B is incorrect as it describes a decrease in blood components, which is not the case in pregnancy. Choice C is incorrect as there are significant changes in the haematological system during pregnancy. Choice D is incorrect as platelet count can fluctuate during pregnancy, and there are changes in coagulation factors to prevent excessive bleeding.

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Oligomenorrhea is defined as a cycle longer than:

  • A. 28 days
  • B. 30 days
  • C. 35 days
  • D. 40 days
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Oligomenorrhea is defined as a menstrual cycle longer than 35 days. A cycle of 28 days (Choice A) is within the normal range, and not considered oligomenorrhea. Similarly, 30 days (Choice B) and 40 days (Choice D) are also within the normal range. The correct definition of oligomenorrhea specifically refers to cycles longer than 35 days, making Choice C the correct answer.

At 8-12 weeks of pregnancy, the breast changes include:

  • A. Prickling, tingling sensation.
  • B. Nipples become prominent and mobile.
  • C. Darkening of the nipple.
  • D. Breast start producing milk
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: At 8-12 weeks of pregnancy, the breast changes typically include the onset of colostrum production, not just tenderness. Colostrum is the first milk produced by the mammary glands during pregnancy. While some women may experience prickling or tingling sensations, prominent and mobile nipples, and darkening of the nipple, the key change during this time period is the production of colostrum. This substance is rich in antibodies and important for the newborn's initial nutrition. Therefore, the correct answer is not listed among the choices provided.

During which phase of the menstrual cycle does the Graafian follicle rupture?

  • A. Regenerative
  • B. Menstruation
  • C. Ovulation
  • D. Proliferative
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Ovulation. The Graafian follicle ruptures during the ovulation phase, releasing the mature egg from the ovary. This process marks the midpoint of the menstrual cycle. Choice A, Regenerative, is incorrect as it does not correspond to a specific phase of the menstrual cycle. Choice B, Menstruation, is incorrect because menstruation is the shedding of the uterine lining and occurs after ovulation if fertilization does not occur. Choice D, Proliferative, is incorrect as it refers to the phase in which the uterine lining thickens in preparation for a potential embryo implantation, which happens after ovulation.

Where does the ovum receive the sperm?

  • A. Animal pole
  • B. Vegetal pole
  • C. Zona pellucida
  • D. None of the above
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, 'Zona pellucida.' The ovum receives the sperm at the zona pellucida, which is the glycoprotein layer surrounding the plasma membrane of the oocyte. This layer plays a crucial role in preventing polyspermy. Choices A and B, 'Animal pole' and 'Vegetal pole,' are incorrect as they refer to different regions of the egg and are not where the sperm fertilizes the ovum. Choice D, 'None of the above,' is incorrect as the sperm indeed interacts with the zona pellucida during fertilization.

Which of the following is used to differentiate abdominal mass from pelvic mass on clinical examination?

  • A. Size
  • B. Site
  • C. Margins
  • D. Lower border
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The lower border is used to differentiate between an abdominal mass and a pelvic mass during clinical examination. The lower border of the mass provides important information about its location and origin. The size (Choice A) alone may not always clearly distinguish between abdominal and pelvic masses. The site (Choice B) and margins (Choice C) are also important factors, but they are not as specific in differentiating between abdominal and pelvic masses as the lower border.

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