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Drug errors are most likely to occur at which time? Select one that does not that apply.
- A. When transcribing the drug order
- B. When verifying the client
- C. When dispensing the drug
- D. When the drug is administered
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Drug errors may occur in transcribing drug orders, when the drug is dispensed, or in administration of the drug. Nurses, as the drug administrators, serve as the last defense against drug errors. Verifying the client and charting after administration are two important areas to help prevent medication errors.
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Which cephalosporin is often used to treat complicated skin and soft tissue infections?
- A. Cefazolin
- B. Cefepime
- C. Ceftaroline
- D. Cephalexin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ceftaroline, a fifth-generation cephalosporin, is effective against complicated skin/soft tissue infections, including MRSA.
The client has a PRN prescription for ondansetron (Zofran). For which condition should this medication be administered to the postoperative client?
- A. Paralytic ileus
- B. Incisional pain
- C. Urinary retention
- D. Nausea and vomiting
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Ondansetron is an antiemetic used to treat postoperative nausea and vomiting, as well as nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy. The other options are incorrect.
Which of the following adverse effects are less likely in a beta1-selective blocker?
- A. Dysrhythmias
- B. Impaired insulin release
- C. Reflex orthostatic changes
- D. Decreased triglycerides and cholesterol
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Beta1-selective blockers (e.g., atenolol) have less impact on insulin release compared to non-selective blockers.
After completing a course on pharmacology for nurses, what will the nurse know?
- A. Everything necessary for safe and effective medication administration
- B. Current pharmacologic therapy; the nurse will not require ongoing education for 5 years.
- C. General drug information; the nurse can consult a drug guide for specific drug information.
- D. The drug actions that are associated with each classification of medication
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: After completing a pharmacology course nurses will have general drug information needed for safe and effective medication administration but will need to consult a drug guide for specific drug information before administering any medication. Pharmacology is constantly changing, with new drugs entering the market and new uses for existing drugs identified. Continuing education in pharmacology is essential to safe practice. Nurses tend to become familiar with the medications they administer most often, but there will always be a need to research new drugs and also those the nurse is not familiar with because no nurse knows all medications.
Drugs significantly affected by enzyme induction include the following except:
- A. Barbiturate
- B. Chlorpromazine
- C. Diphenyl hydantoin
- D. Warfarin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Barbiturates, phenytoin (diphenyl hydantoin), and warfarin are affected by enzyme induction; chlorpromazine is less so.