Nokea
Drugs to be avoided in renal failure include:
- A. Allopurinol
- B. Digoxin
- C. Ceftazidime
- D. Acyclovir
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Digoxin is avoided in renal failure due to its narrow therapeutic index and renal excretion, which can lead to toxicity.
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The nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who is receiving prednisone (Deltasone) 5 mg PO daily for a rash due to contact with poison ivy. Which symptom should the nurse tell the client to report to the healthcare provider?
- A. Rapid weight gain
- B. Increased energy levels.
- C. Frequent headaches.
- D. Dry mouth.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rapid weight gain may indicate fluid retention, a side effect of prednisone that requires medical evaluation.
Which of the following has the highest proportion of etiology of congenital malformations?
- A. Maternal infections
- B. Maternal illness
- C. Environmental agents
- D. Monogenic inheritance
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Monogenic inheritance accounts for the highest proportion of congenital malformations.
Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding delayed tooth eruption?
- A. Most common cause is idiopathic
- B. Defined as no teeth eruption by 15 months of age
- C. Mechanical blockade can be a cause
- D. Hypothyroidism and hypoparathyroidism should be ruled out
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Delayed tooth eruption is defined as no teeth eruption by 13 months of age, not 15 months.
In Asia, the following hepatitis virus appears to be a significant cause of viral myocarditis
- A. hepatitis E virus
- B. hepatitis B virus
- C. hepatitis C virus
- D. hepatitis D virus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hepatitis E virus has been identified as a significant cause of viral myocarditis in Asia.
All of the following are conditions with combined cellular and antibody immunodeficiency, except
- A. Ataxia telangiectasia
- B. Reticular dysgenesis
- C. Common variable immunodeficiency
- D. Severe combined immunodeficiency
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is primarily an antibody deficiency, not a combined immunodeficiency.