Nokea
Due to his prolonged history of alcohol abuse, an alcoholic client will most likely have deficiencies of which of the following nutrients?
- A. Vitamin C and zinc
- B. Folic acid and niacin
- C. Vitamin A and biotin
- D. Thiamine and pyroxidine
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Chronic alcoholism can lead to deficiencies of B complex vitamins including thiamine and pyroxidine.
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Which of the following is an adverse effect associated with the use of Adriamycin (doxorubicin)?
- A. Ventricular arrhythmias
- B. Alopecia
- C. Leukopenia
- D. Stomatitis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Alopecia (hair loss) is a common adverse effect of doxorubicin, a chemotherapeutic agent, due to its impact on rapidly dividing cells, including hair follicles.
Which of the following serum laboratory values would the nurse monitor during gentamicin therapy?
- A. Creatinine
- B. Sodium
- C. Calcium
- D. Potassium
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A common side effect of gentamicin is nephrotoxicity. The serum laboratory test that best reflects kidney function is serum creatinine.
A client with a history of glaucoma is prescribed timolol (Timoptic) eye drops. Which instruction should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. "Apply the drops directly to the cornea."
- B. "Press the inner corner of the eye after instilling drops."
- C. "Use the drops only when you have eye pain."
- D. "Store the drops in the refrigerator."
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pressing the inner corner (nasolacrimal occlusion) after instilling timolol prevents systemic absorption. Direct corneal application (A) is incorrect, pain-based use (C) is wrong, and refrigeration (D) is unnecessary.
A client has consented to have a central venous catheter placed. The best position in which to place the client is the Trendelenburg position. The reason is that the Trendelenburg position:
- A. Allows the physician to visualize the subclavian vein
- B. Reduces the possibility of air embolism
- C. Reduces the possibility of hematoma formation
- D. Makes the procedure more comfortable for the client
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Trendelenburg position reduces air embolism risk by increasing central venous pressure and distending veins for easier catheter insertion.
A client with a history of heart failure is admitted with complaints of dyspnea. The nurse should give priority to:
- A. Administering diuretics
- B. Monitoring blood pressure
- C. Administering pain medication
- D. Monitoring temperature
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Diuretics reduce fluid overload in heart failure, relieving dyspnea and improving oxygenation.