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During a group therapy meeting,a client brings up a concern about the cleanliness of the bathroom. The nurse asks the group what should be done about the issue and how to resolve it. The nurse is demonstrating which type of leadership style?
- A. Laissez-faire
- B. Surrogate
- C. Autocratic
- D. Democratic
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Democratic. In a democratic leadership style, the leader involves group members in decision-making. In this scenario, the nurse is asking the group for input and involving them in the process of resolving the issue, which aligns with the democratic approach. This empowers the group members to participate in finding a solution and promotes teamwork.
A: Laissez-faire is incorrect because in this style, the leader is hands-off and does not provide much guidance or direction.
B: Surrogate is incorrect as it refers to a substitute leader who takes over temporarily.
C: Autocratic is incorrect because in this style, the leader makes decisions without consulting the group.
Overall, the democratic leadership style is the most suitable for fostering collaboration and addressing group concerns effectively in this context.
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A nurse is caring for a young female adult client who reports weakness, fatigue, and heavy menstrual periods. The client has a hemoglobin level of 8 g/dL and a hematocrit level of 28 g/dL. The nurse suspects which of the following types of anemia?
- A. Pernicious anemia
- B. Folic acid deficiency anemia
- C. Iron deficiency anemia
- D. Sickle cell anemia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Iron deficiency anemia. The client's low hemoglobin and hematocrit levels indicate a decrease in red blood cells, which is characteristic of anemia. Iron deficiency anemia is the most common type of anemia, typically caused by inadequate iron intake or absorption, leading to decreased production of hemoglobin. This results in symptoms like weakness, fatigue, and heavy menstrual periods, as seen in the client. Pernicious anemia (A) is due to vitamin B12 deficiency, not iron. Folic acid deficiency anemia (B) presents with similar symptoms but typically has normal iron levels. Sickle cell anemia (D) is a genetic disorder causing abnormal hemoglobin production, not related to iron deficiency.
A nurse is taking care of an adult client who is experiencing increased anxiety and an inability to concentrate. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
- A. How long has this been going on?
- B. It sounds like you're having a difficult time.
- C. Why do you think you are so anxious?
- D. Have you talked to your parents about this yet?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. By acknowledging the client's feelings and expressing empathy, the nurse validates the client's experience and shows support. This can help build rapport and trust, leading to better communication and a therapeutic relationship. Option A focuses on the duration of symptoms, which may be important but does not address the immediate emotional needs of the client. Option C may come across as confrontational and put the client on the defensive. Option D assumes the client has not discussed the issue with their parents and may not be appropriate for all clients.
A nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with end-stage liver cancer. The nurse recognizes that which of the following responses is an indication that the client is in the denial phase of the grief process?
- A. I can't believe the doctor graduated from medical school. He doesn't know a thing about treating cancer!
- B. Even though I am not hurting right now, I don't feel like I have the energy to get out of bed.
- C. The doctor says I only have a few months to live, but I know he is exaggerating to get me to take my medication.
- D. The doctor has been so good to me. I know he has tried everything he can. It's just my time.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. In this response, the client is demonstrating denial by refusing to accept the doctor's prognosis of having only a few months to live. This indicates an inability to acknowledge the severity of the situation, a common characteristic of the denial phase in the grief process. The client's belief that the doctor is exaggerating shows a defense mechanism to cope with the overwhelming truth. Options A, B, and D do not exemplify denial. Option A shows anger, Option B indicates depression, and Option D reflects acceptance and resignation, which are not characteristics of denial in the grief process.
Which of the following is a characteristic sign of hyperthyroidism?
- A. Cold intolerance
- B. Fatigue and lethargy
- C. Tremors and nervousness
- D. Weight gain
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Tremors and nervousness. Hyperthyroidism is an overactive thyroid gland leading to an excess of thyroid hormones. Tremors and nervousness are classic symptoms due to the increased metabolic rate. Cold intolerance (A) is a symptom of hypothyroidism, not hyperthyroidism. Fatigue and lethargy (B) are common in hypothyroidism, not hyperthyroidism. Weight gain (D) is also more indicative of hypothyroidism. Therefore, the presence of tremors and nervousness (C) is the characteristic sign of hyperthyroidism.
The nurse is planning care for a child who has intermittent explosive disorder (IED). The nurse should identify which of the following goals are appropriate for this client? (Select All that Apply.)
- A. The child will demonstrate effective problem-solving skills.
- B. The child will acknowledge they have a genetic disorder.
- C. The child will verbalize age-appropriate feelings of self-worth.
- D. The family will be able to express their concerns.
- E. The child will sign a behavior contract.
- F. The child will learn to isolate when feeling angry.
Correct Answer: A,E,F
Rationale: Correct Answer: A, E, F
Rationale:
A: The child demonstrating effective problem-solving skills is crucial for managing IED episodes.
E: Signing a behavior contract helps set clear expectations and consequences for behavior, aiding in self-regulation.
F: Learning to isolate when feeling angry can prevent harm and give time to calm down, a key skill for managing IED.
Incorrect Choices:
B: Acknowledging a genetic disorder is not relevant to managing IED.
C: While important, verbalizing feelings of self-worth may not directly address the impulsivity of IED.
D: Expressing concerns is valuable but not a direct goal for managing IED.