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During a preconception counseling session, the nurse encourages a couple to prepare a birth plan.
- A. Promote communication between the couple and health care professionals.
- B. Enable the couple to learn about the types of pain medicine used in labor.
- C. Provide the couple with a list of items that they should take to the hospital for the labor and delivery.
- D. Give the high-risk couple a sense of control over the likelihood of having a surgical delivery.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A birth plan fosters open communication between the couple and healthcare providers, ensuring that expectations and preferences are understood.
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Organize the developmental stages in the correct order. Put a comma and space between each answer choice (a, b, c, d, etc.)
- A. Zygote
- B. Morula
- C. Blastocyst
- D. Embryo
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fetal development progresses through several stages: zygote, morula, blastocyst, embryo, and fetus. Each stage represents a critical phase in the formation and growth of the embryo.
A nurse is caring for a postpartum person with a second-degree perineal tear. What is the most appropriate intervention for pain management?
- A. administer oral pain medication
- B. administer an epidural analgesic
- C. administer non-pharmacological pain relief
- D. administer ice packs
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The most appropriate intervention for pain management in a postpartum person with a second-degree perineal tear is administering non-pharmacological pain relief (Choice C). This includes methods such as sitz baths, warm compresses, and positioning techniques. These interventions are effective in reducing pain and promoting healing without the side effects associated with medications or invasive procedures. Oral pain medication (Choice A) may not be sufficient for managing the specific pain in this case. Administering an epidural analgesic (Choice B) is not appropriate postpartum, as it is typically used during labor for pain relief. Ice packs (Choice D) may provide temporary relief but do not address the underlying pain and healing process as effectively as non-pharmacological methods.
The nurse is caring for a pregnant patient who is complaining of frequent heartburn. Which of the following suggestions would be most helpful for managing heartburn during pregnancy?
- A. Lie down immediately after meals to help with digestion.
- B. Eat smaller meals more frequently throughout the day.
- C. Drink large amounts of water after meals to dilute stomach acid.
- D. Increase intake of spicy foods to stimulate digestion.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Eat smaller meals more frequently throughout the day. This suggestion helps manage heartburn during pregnancy by preventing large meals that can put pressure on the stomach and lead to acid reflux. Eating smaller, more frequent meals helps maintain stable digestion and minimizes the likelihood of triggering heartburn episodes.
A: Lie down immediately after meals is incorrect because it can worsen heartburn by allowing stomach acid to flow back into the esophagus.
C: Drinking large amounts of water after meals can dilute stomach acid, but it may also distend the stomach and exacerbate heartburn symptoms.
D: Increasing intake of spicy foods can aggravate heartburn due to the potential for irritating the stomach lining and increasing acid production.
A patient with a history of hypertension is admitted to the labor and delivery unit. Which of the following is most important to monitor for during labor?
- A. Hypotension
- B. Precipitous delivery
- C. Preeclampsia
- D. Increased bleeding risk
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Preeclampsia. Preeclampsia is a serious condition characterized by high blood pressure and protein in the urine, which can lead to complications for both the mother and baby during labor. Monitoring for signs of preeclampsia is crucial to ensure timely intervention and prevent adverse outcomes.
A: Hypotension is not typically a major concern in a patient with a history of hypertension during labor.
B: Precipitous delivery refers to an unusually fast labor, which can be managed but is not the most important issue to monitor for in this case.
D: Increased bleeding risk may be a concern, but preeclampsia poses a more immediate threat to the patient's health and requires closer monitoring.
What is the primary purpose of assessing cervical dilation during labor?
- A. to assess the progress of labor
- B. to identify the need for interventions
- C. to assess for complications
- D. to monitor fetal position
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The primary purpose of assessing cervical dilation during labor is to evaluate the progress of labor. Cervical dilation indicates how far the labor has advanced and helps determine if the labor is proceeding normally. Monitoring dilation helps healthcare providers make informed decisions about the timing of interventions and the overall management of labor. It does not directly assess the need for interventions (choice B), complications (choice C), or fetal position (choice D). These factors can be assessed through other means, but the main focus of assessing cervical dilation is to track the progression of labor.