Nokea
During a routine clinic visit, a pregnant woman expresses concern about reflux she is experiencing. Which statement should be made by the nurse when addressing the woman’s concern?
- A. “Frequent heartburn may be a sign of fetal distress and an ultrasound should be performed immediately.”
- B. “Frequent heartburn is caused by high levels of hormones during pregnancy.”
- C. “Frequent heartburn is a result of gastrointestinal system changes that occur during pregnancy.”
- D. “Frequent heartburn during pregnancy requires immediate consultation with a gastroenterologist.”
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Heartburn during pregnancy is due to gastrointestinal changes, including upward displacement of the stomach and relaxation of the gastroesophageal sphincter.
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A person states to the nurse, “The guidelines for what we should eat as Americans is constantly changing, just when I got used to using MyPyramid they changed it to MyPlate. I wonder what will be next and if they really know what they are doing with all of this change.” Which of the following would be the best response from the nurse?
- A. “The USDA is constantly making changes in order to decrease the alarming rates of obesity in our country.”
- B. “MyPyramid was developed in 2005, so it was time for this graphic to be revised.”
- C. “The creation of MyPlate has decreased the need for additional teaching resources for nutrition.”
- D. “MyPlate serves as a better visual aid, reminding Americans what a healthy ‘plate’ looks like.”
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: MyPlate was introduced as a clearer visual representation of what a healthy plate looks like, simplifying nutrition education.
A nurse is counseling a person who was recently diagnosed with diabetes about how to prevent the complications of this disease. Which of the following interventions would be stressed the most by the nurse?
- A. Adjusting sliding scale insulin therapy as needed
- B. Taking oral hypoglycemic medication as prescribed
- C. Monitoring blood glucose daily
- D. Adhering to medical nutrition therapy
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Medical nutrition therapy is essential to prevent complications of diabetes.
An elderly client has recently been diagnosed with cancer. The client’s family has asked the nurse to withhold this information from the client because they feel that this information would cause the client to give up on life and become very depressed. The nurse believes the client should be told this information. Which ethical principle is being upheld by the nurse?
- A. Justice
- B. Beneficence
- C. Veracity
- D. Nonmaleficence
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Veracity requires truth-telling to support autonomous decision-making and respect for the individual's right to know about their health condition.
A 2-year-old child has hives. Of the following items ingested, which is most likely to have caused the allergic reaction?
- A. Apple juice
- B. Oatmeal raisin cookies
- C. Jelly sandwich
- D. Banana
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Oatmeal raisin cookies often contain nuts, which are common allergens for young children.
A nurse reflects on how previous interactions with minority populations have influenced their current care. Which part of values clarification is the nurse using?
- A. Formulate a possible course of action.
- B. Examine the influence of beliefs.
- C. Reflect on practice.
- D. Determine the prevalent values.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse is evaluating how their personal beliefs and values affect their practice, which is crucial in providing culturally sensitive care.