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During a therapy session, a patient is asked to rate the intensity of his current issue from 1 to 10 with 1 being complete absence of the issue and 10 being the most intense. The patient is being asked which type of question?
- A. Relationship
- B. Miracle
- C. Scaling
- D. Exception
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Scaling. Scaling questions involve asking clients to rate the intensity of their issues on a numerical scale, just like in this scenario. This helps therapists understand the perceived severity of the problem and track changes over time. Relationship questions focus on interpersonal dynamics, miracle questions explore ideal outcomes, and exception questions inquire about times when the issue is not present. In this case, the question about rating intensity aligns best with the scaling technique.
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Which statement made by the patient demonstrates an understanding of the treatment of choice for patients managing the effects of traumatic events?
- A. I attend my therapy sessions regularly.
- B. Those intrusive memories are hidden for a reason and should stay hidden.
- C. Keeping busy is the key to getting mentally healthy.
- D. I've agreed to move in with my parents so I'll get the support I need.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because attending therapy sessions regularly is a key component of treatment for managing the effects of traumatic events. Regular therapy sessions help individuals process their trauma, develop coping strategies, and work towards healing. Choice B is incorrect as suppressing intrusive memories can worsen mental health. Choice C is incorrect as keeping busy may serve as a distraction but does not address the root cause of trauma. Choice D is incorrect as moving in with parents for support is helpful, but therapy is the evidence-based treatment for trauma management.
A client is prescribed disulfiram as part of his alcohol treatment program to prevent relapse. The client asks the nurse, 'How will this drug help me?' Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate?
- A. It will help to cure your alcoholism.'
- B. It can help to prevent you from drinking.'
- C. It makes the withdrawal symptoms less troublesome.'
- D. It helps to clear the alcohol out of your body.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: It can help to prevent you from drinking. Disulfiram works by causing unpleasant symptoms (such as nausea, vomiting, and headache) when alcohol is consumed, acting as a deterrent to drinking. This helps the client stay sober and avoid relapse.
Incorrect choices:
A: It will help to cure your alcoholism - Disulfiram does not cure alcoholism but helps manage it.
C: It makes the withdrawal symptoms less troublesome - Disulfiram does not address withdrawal symptoms.
D: It helps to clear the alcohol out of your body - Disulfiram does not clear alcohol from the body but rather prevents its metabolism, leading to adverse effects if alcohol is consumed.
A category 5 tornado occurred in a community of 400 people. Many homes and businesses were destroye In the 2 years following the disaster, 140 individuals were diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Which term best applies to these newly diagnosed cases?
- A. Prevalence
- B. Comorbidity
- C. Incidence
- D. Parity
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The term that best applies to the newly diagnosed cases of PTSD is "Incidence" (Choice C). Incidence refers to the rate of new cases of a disease within a specific population over a defined period. In this case, the 140 individuals newly diagnosed with PTSD in the 2 years following the tornado represent the occurrence of new cases within the community of 400 people. This term specifically addresses the number of new cases arising from a particular event or exposure.
Summary:
A: Prevalence refers to the total number of cases (new and existing) within a population at a specific point in time.
B: Comorbidity refers to the presence of two or more conditions in an individual at the same time.
D: Parity refers to equality or equivalence, which is not relevant to the context of new PTSD diagnoses post-tornado.
A nurse engaged in an interaction with a patient recognizes body space zones. Which of the following would the nurse identify as the individual's personal zone?
- A. Beginning at the boundary of the intimate zone and ending at the social zone
- B. Extending outward from the border to the public zone
- C. Surrounding and protecting an individual from others, especially outsiders
- D. The most distant boundary that can be used for recognizing intruders
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because the personal zone is the space ranging from 18 inches to 4 feet from an individual, which falls between the intimate zone (0-18 inches) and the social zone (4-12 feet). This zone is where most interactions with acquaintances occur.
Choice B is incorrect because the public zone extends beyond the social zone and is typically used for public speaking or formal presentations.
Choice C is incorrect because it describes the concept of a protective or defensive space, not the personal zone.
Choice D is incorrect because the concept of recognizing intruders pertains more to territoriality and is not specific to identifying personal space zones.
A nursing student is assigned to care for a patient diagnosed with schizophrenia. When talking about this patient in a clinical postconference, the student would use which terminology when referring to the patient?
- A. Committed patient
- B. Schizophrenic
- C. Schizophrenic patient
- D. Person with schizophrenia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Person with schizophrenia. This terminology aligns with person-first language, which emphasizes the individuality and humanity of the patient over their diagnosis. It is important to use person-first language to promote respect and reduce stigma. Using terms like "committed patient" (A) can be stigmatizing and inaccurate, as not all patients with schizophrenia are committed involuntarily. "Schizophrenic" (B) and "schizophrenic patient" (C) both label the individual by their diagnosis, which can be dehumanizing and reduce their identity to just their condition. In contrast, "person with schizophrenia" (D) acknowledges the personhood of the individual first and foremost.