Nokea
During her labor, Renee asks for a mild dose of painkillers to help her relax. Renee will probably be given __________.
- A. an anesthetic
- B. an analgesic
- C. folic acid
- D. an anti-inflammatory medication
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Renee will likely be given an analgesic during her labor to help manage her pain and provide relaxation. Analgesics are painkillers that can help reduce pain without causing loss of consciousness, making them suitable for labor pain management. Examples of analgesics commonly used during labor include opioids like morphine and non-opioids like acetaminophen.
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Newborns of smoking mothers __________.
- A. are more attentive to sounds
- B. display more muscle tension
- C. less often have colic
- D. are less excitable when visually stimulated
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Newborns of smoking mothers display more muscle tension. This is because nicotine in cigarettes can lead to increased muscle tension in babies, which can affect their physical development and potentially lead to future health issues. This is one of the negative effects of smoking during pregnancy on the developing fetus.
Lillian uses flowcharts to map the precise steps individuals use to solve problems and complete tasks. Lillian is a(n) __________ theorist.
- A. psychoanalytic
- B. information-processing
- C. psychosocial
- D. social learning
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lillian, who uses flowcharts to map precise steps individuals use to solve problems and complete tasks, is likely an information-processing theorist. Information-processing theorists focus on how people take in, store, and retrieve information to solve problems and make decisions, which aligns with Lillian's use of flowcharts to map out problem-solving steps.
Cindy tells her daughter, "I know you can do a good job on that homework"‚ because she believes that if she encourages persistence, her daughter will start to view herself as hardworking and high-achieving. Cindy is applying the __________ approach.
- A. behavior modification
- B. psychosocial
- C. cognitive-developmental
- D. social-cognitive
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cindy is applying the social-cognitive approach by encouraging her daughter to believe in her own abilities and persist in her efforts. This approach emphasizes the importance of social influences and cognitive processes in shaping behavior. By providing positive reinforcement and fostering a belief in her daughter's capabilities, Cindy is helping to shape her daughter's self-perception and motivation to achieve success.
Developmental social neuroscience __________.
- A. involves the design of flowcharts to map the precise steps individuals use to complete tasks
- B. emphasizes that preschoolers' thinking is full of faulty logic because they engage in hands-on exploration
- C. is devoted to studying the relationship between changes in the brain and emotional and social development
- D. involves the study of brain activity and the individual's linear and logical cognitive processing patterns
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Developmental social neuroscience is dedicated to examining the connection between changes in the brain and emotional and social development. This field of study focuses on how the brain's development influences an individual's social and emotional behavior. By studying brain activity alongside emotional and social development, researchers can gain insights into how these aspects are interrelated and how they impact one another.
Which statement about prenatal rubella is true?
- A. The greatest damage occurs when rubella strikes during the fetal period.
- B. The organ damage inflicted by prenatal rubella can lead to lifelong health problems.
- C. Routine vaccination has made new rubella outbreaks extremely rare worldwide.
- D. Infection during the embryonic period is less harmful than during other prenatal periods.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The statement that the organ damage inflicted by prenatal rubella can lead to lifelong health problems is true. Rubella infection during pregnancy can cause serious harm to the developing fetus, including organ damage, deafness, heart defects, and intellectual disabilities. This highlights the importance of prevention and vaccination to protect both pregnant women and their unborn babies from the harmful effects of rubella.