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During ongoing assessment of clients taking fluoroquinolone, which of the following adverse reactions should be reported to the physician immediately? Select all that apply.
- A. Respiratory difficulty
- B. Drowsiness
- C. Severe diarrhea
- D. Hypersensitivity reaction
- E. A significant drop in blood pressure
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: It is important for the nurse to report any adverse reaction to the physician prior to administering the next dose but the nurse should notify the physician immediately if respiratory difficulty, hypersensitivity reaction, severe diarrhea, or a decided drop in blood pressure occurs.
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Which of the following information should the nurse obtain during the preadministration assessment of a client prescribed a fluoroquinolone? Select all that apply.
- A. Blood glucose levels
- B. Allergy history
- C. Signs and symptoms of infection
- D. Blood pressure
- E. Temperature
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E
Rationale: Before administering a fluoroquinolone, the nurse identifies and records the signs and symptoms of the infections, takes a thorough allergy history, takes and records vital signs, and, if ordered, obtains cultures.
A client is being given a prescription for ciprofloxacin (Cipro) to treat a urinary tract infection. The nurse should teach the client about which of the following common adverse reactions? Select all that apply.
- A. Constipation
- B. Nausea
- C. Headache
- D. Dizziness
- E. Dry mouth
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Common adverse reactions to fluoroquinolones include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, abdominal pain or discomfort, dizziness, and photosensitivity. Constipation and dry mouth are not associated with fluoroquinolone therapy.
After teaching a group of nursing students about fluoroquinolones, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when they identify which of the following as an example? Select all that apply.
- A. Levofloxacin (Levaquin)
- B. Amoxicillin (Amoxil)
- C. Cephalexin (Keflex)
- D. Spectinomycin (Trobicin)
- E. Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
Correct Answer: A,E
Rationale: The fluoroquinolone drugs include ciprofloxacin (Cipro), gemifloxacin (Factive), levofloxacin (Levaquin), moxifloxacin (Avelox), norfloxacin (Noroxin), and ofloxacin (Floxin). Amoxicillin is an aminopenicillin. Spectinomycin is chemically related to but different from aminoglycosides.
A client develops pseudomembranous colitis secondary to fluoroquinolone therapy. The nurse understands that this is the result of which organism?
- A. E. coli
- B. C. difficile
- C. Staphylococcus
- D. Group B hemolytic Streptococcus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pseudomembranous colitis is one type of a bacterial superinfection. This potentially life-threatening problem develops because of an overgrowth of the microorganism Clostridium difficile (C. diff) in the bowel.
The nurse is reviewing the medical records of several clients with infection. The nurse would anticipate the prescriber ordering a fluoroquinolone for a client with which of the following? Select all that apply.
- A. Unitary tract infections
- B. Sexually transmitted infections
- C. Upper respiratory tract infections
- D. Bone and joint infections
- E. Skin infections
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Fluoroquinolones are primarily used to treat lower respiratory tract infections, bone and joint infections, urinary tract infections, skin infections, sexually transmitted infections, and some infections of the eye and ear.