Nokea
During the annual physical examination, the nurse will assess for which risk factor for the development of diverticulosis?
- A. Chronic diarrhea
- B. Excessive fiber intake
- C. Increased intake of refined carbohydrates
- D. Aging related increased elasticity of the colon
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Refined carbohydrates, when eaten in large amounts, have been associated with the development of diverticulosis.
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Which change in the body leads to poor absorption of nutrients in a patient who has celiac disease?
- A. Development of diverticuli
- B. Anaphylactic reaction to wheat
- C. Destruction of the intestinal villi
- D. Reduced intestinal mucosal output
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The ingestion of gluten in the small intestine damages the villi, which leads to malabsorption and diarrhea. Weight loss and vitamin deficiency, which occur from altered nutrition, can expand into systemic involvement.
Which is the purpose of antibiotic therapy in treating peptic ulcers?
- A. It eradicates H. pylori.
- B. It inhibits gastric acid secretion.
- C. It protects the gastric mucosa.
- D. It neutralizes or reduces the acidity of stomach contents.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Antibiotic therapy eradicates H. pylori.
Which will the nurse reinforce in the patient teaching of a patient who had a gastrectomy to treat a severely bleeding peptic ulcer?
- A. Introducing irritating foods in minute amounts to desensitize the stomach
- B. Restricting fluid to 1000 mL per day
- C. Eating 6 small meals a day
- D. Drinking alcohol and caffeine in moderation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The patient who had a gastrectomy to treat a bleeding peptic ulcer should eat small meals daily. Restriction of fluid is not necessary and irritating foods, alcohol, and caffeine should be discouraged.
Dumping syndrome after a Billroth II procedure occurs when high-carbohydrate foods are ingested over a period of less than 20 minutes. Which will the nurse suggest to reduce the risk of dumping syndrome?
- A. Eating a high-carbohydrate diet
- B. Drinking 10 oz of fluids with meals
- C. Remaining upright for 2 hours after meals
- D. Eating six small daily meals high in protein and fat
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Treatment for dumping syndrome includes eating six small meals daily that are high in protein and fat, and low in carbohydrates. Fluids should be avoided during meals. If possible, the patient should lie down for 1 hour after meals.
The nurse takes into consideration that a proton pump inhibitor drug, such as which drug, will completely eradicate gastric acid production?
- A. omeprazole
- B. misoprostol
- C. sucralfate
- D. olsalazine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that interferes with the production of gastric acid.